1.Easy
Where does neuroblastoma most often start?
- AIn the bone marrow of the pelvis
- BIn the lining of the bladder
- CIn the adrenal gland
- DIn the white matter of the brain
2.Easy
Which finding in a jaundiced 3-week-old suggests biliary atresia?
- APale, clay-coloured stools and dark urine
- BGreen stools after starting iron drops
- CBright yellow, seedy stools
- DPale, watery urine and frequent wet nappies
3.Easy
Which sign suggests heart failure in an infant?
- ASweating and tiring during feeds
- BA slow heart rate at rest
- CFeeding eagerly and finishing every bottle quickly
- DSlow breathing with long pauses
4.Medium
How should the nurse position the ear when giving ear drops to a 2-year-old?
- APull the pinna gently down and back
- BPull the earlobe gently forward and up
- CLeave the pinna alone and tilt the head
- DPull the pinna gently up and back
5.Medium
Why are codeine and tramadol not recommended for children under 12 years?
- ASome children metabolise them very quickly, causing dangerous breathing depression
- BThey can only be given intravenously
- CThey always cause allergies
- DThey are too weak to relieve moderate pain, so stronger opioids are always preferred
6.Medium
A child is scored with the FLACC scale. What is the range of the total score?
- A0 to 5
- B0 to 10
- C0 to 100
- D1 to 20
7.Hard
A 6-year-old has threadworms. Which plan is correct?
- ATreat only the child and keep him off school for two weeks until the itching settles
- BThrow away all the child's clothes and bedding
- CTreat the whole household, with hand washing, short nails and a morning wash
- DTreat only if the child also has a fever
8.Hard
A 6-year-old with sickle cell disease has a temperature of 39.0 °C. Why is this treated as urgent?
- AFever is the normal start of every pain crisis
- BIt is not urgent; fever is common in all children
- CChildren with sickle cell disease have reduced spleen function and are at high risk of serious bacterial infection
- DFever means a sickling crisis has started, so the child needs a blood transfusion straight away to replace the damaged cells
Answer key
- 1. C · In the adrenal gland
- 2. A · Pale, clay-coloured stools and dark urine
- 3. A · Sweating and tiring during feeds
- 4. A · Pull the pinna gently down and back
- 5. A · Some children metabolise them very quickly, causing dangerous breathing depression
- 6. B · 0 to 10
- 7. C · Treat the whole household, with hand washing, short nails and a morning wash
- 8. C · Children with sickle cell disease have reduced spleen function and are at high risk of serious bacterial infection
Full step-by-step solutions: practise this topic on examproblems.com.