Pediatric nursing worksheet with answers

The parents of a 3-month-old ask about a soft umbilical hernia that bulges when she cries. What is the correct information?

1. AStrapping it tightly with a binder every day makes it close faster
2. BIt needs emergency surgery within a few days
3. CMost close on their own; do not tape a coin over it
4. DIt is caused by the cord being cut too short

What is cerebral palsy?

1. AA genetic disorder of collagen that makes the bones break easily
2. BA non-progressive disorder of movement and posture from damage to the developing brain
3. CA progressive muscle disease in which muscle fibres are slowly replaced by fat
4. DAn infection of the spinal cord that causes sudden paralysis of the legs

How does respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) mainly spread?

1. AThrough contaminated food and drinking water
2. BThrough droplets and contaminated hands and surfaces
3. CThrough the bites of insects such as mosquitoes
4. DOnly through the air over long distances, like measles

Which precaution applies to a child with haemophilia?

1. AApply heat to a bleeding joint
2. BGive aspirin for pain
3. CAvoid intramuscular injections and rectal temperatures where possible
4. DEncourage contact sports such as rugby to strengthen the joints and muscles

Before surgery for a myelomeningocele, how should the newborn's sac be protected?

1. ACover it with a sterile, moist, non-adherent dressing and position the baby prone
2. BLeave it uncovered to dry
3. CLie the baby on the back with a soft ring around the sac to support it on the mattress
4. DApply a tight dry bandage

How is amblyopia (lazy eye) commonly treated in young children?

1. APatching or blurring the stronger eye so the weaker eye works harder
2. BWaiting until adulthood, when surgery can correct it
3. CEye exercises alone, without any glasses, drops or patches
4. DPatching the weaker eye so that it can rest and recover

A 3-month-old has large, flat, blue-grey patches over the lower back and buttocks. The parents say they have been there since birth. What is the best action?

1. ADocument them with size and location as congenital dermal melanocytosis (Mongolian spots)
2. BReport them straight away to the safeguarding team as suspected physical abuse
3. CApply cold packs several times a day to reduce the discoloration
4. DRequest urgent clotting tests and a full blood count to look for a bleeding disorder

Newborn pulse oximetry screening shows 97% in the right hand and 91% in the foot. What does this mean?

1. AA faulty probe or a cold foot; repeat the whole test at the 6-week check
2. BNormal transition; no further checks are needed
3. CA normal result, because foot readings are always lower
4. DAn abnormal screen that must be followed up promptly under the screening protocol