1.Easy
Psyllium (ispaghula husk) is which type of laxative?
- AStimulant
- BOsmotic
- CStool softener
- DBulk-forming
2.Easy
What is drug tolerance?
- AAn allergic reaction to a drug
- BA reduced response after repeated use, so a higher dose is needed
- CA stronger response each time the drug is taken
- DThe ability to take a drug without developing any side effects at all
3.Easy
Which drug can be used in beta blocker overdose because it raises heart rate through a non-adrenergic pathway?
- AInsulin
- BNaloxone
- CGlucagon
- DFlumazenil
4.Medium
Why is IV promethazine given with great caution?
- AIt causes immediate kidney failure
- BIt is a strong opioid that causes addiction
- CIt causes a severe rise in blood pressure when it is given intravenously
- DIt can cause severe tissue injury if it leaks or enters an artery
5.Medium
When should a patient take a once-daily proton pump inhibitor such as omeprazole?
- AWith a glass of milk at bedtime, when acid output is highest
- BOnly when heartburn is severe
- CStraight after a large evening meal
- DAbout 30–60 minutes before the first meal of the day
6.Medium
A prescriber gives a verbal medication order in an emergency. What should the nurse do?
- AWrite it down and read it back to the prescriber to confirm
- BRemember it and write it in the chart at the end of the shift
- CGive the drug without recording the order
- DAsk another nurse to remember the order
7.Hard
A patient with severe chronic hyponatraemia receives hypertonic saline. Why is the rate of correction strictly limited?
- AHypertonic saline is toxic to the liver at high rates
- BRaising sodium too fast can cause osmotic demyelination in the brain
- CRaising sodium too fast causes severe hypokalaemia and cardiac arrest
- DFast correction causes immediate kidney failure
8.Hard
A woman with chronic hypertension who takes lisinopril is now pregnant. What is the key concern?
- ALisinopril has no known fetal effects and should be continued
- BAll antihypertensives must be stopped in pregnancy
- CACE inhibitors harm fetal kidneys, so a safer drug is used
- DLisinopril works better in pregnancy, so the dose should be increased
Answer key
- 1. D · Bulk-forming
- 2. B · A reduced response after repeated use, so a higher dose is needed
- 3. C · Glucagon
- 4. D · It can cause severe tissue injury if it leaks or enters an artery
- 5. D · About 30–60 minutes before the first meal of the day
- 6. A · Write it down and read it back to the prescriber to confirm
- 7. B · Raising sodium too fast can cause osmotic demyelination in the brain
- 8. C · ACE inhibitors harm fetal kidneys, so a safer drug is used
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