Pharmacology worksheet with answers

Which organ excretes most water-soluble drugs and their metabolites?

1. ALiver
2. BLung
3. CSkin
4. DKidney

Vitamin D supplements support bone health mainly by:

1. AIncreasing calcium loss in the urine
2. BStimulating osteoclasts to break down bone
3. CIncreasing calcium absorption from the gut
4. DReplacing collagen in bone

Benzodiazepines such as diazepam work by enhancing the effect of which neurotransmitter?

1. AGABA
2. BGlutamate
3. CSerotonin
4. DNoradrenaline

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV. When should post-exposure prophylaxis start?

1. AOnly after the nurse's HIV test turns positive
2. BAs soon as possible, and within 72 hours at the latest
3. CAfter one week, when the risk of infection is clearer
4. DOnly if the patient's viral load is above a set level

During adult cardiac arrest, how often is IV adrenaline (epinephrine) usually repeated?

1. AEvery 15–20 minutes
2. BOnce only, at the start
3. CEvery 3–5 minutes
4. DEvery 30 seconds

Patients on older MAO inhibitors are warned about foods rich in tyramine. What can happen?

1. ASudden kidney failure
2. BA hypertensive crisis
3. CAn allergic rash
4. DSevere hypoglycaemia

A patient on stable warfarin is prescribed a course of metronidazole. What is the likely effect, and what should the nurse expect?

1. AMetronidazole replaces warfarin, so warfarin is stopped
2. BThe INR falls, so the risk of clotting increases
3. CThe INR stays the same, as these drugs do not interact
4. DThe INR rises, so closer INR monitoring is needed

A patient receives high-dose IV aciclovir for herpes encephalitis. Which nursing action reduces the main risk to the kidneys?

1. AKeep the patient well hydrated and give the infusion slowly
2. BGive a loop diuretic before each dose
3. CGive the infusion as a rapid push
4. DRestrict oral and IV fluids to prevent brain swelling