1.Easy
Which drug is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?
- AInhaled salbutamol
- BIntramuscular adrenaline
- COral antihistamine
- DOral prednisolone
2.Easy
After chemotherapy, what is the "nadir"?
- AThe time when nausea is worst
- BThe point when blood cell counts are at their lowest
- CThe day the drug is given
- DThe point when the tumour is at its smallest after treatment
3.Easy
Why should a full course of some antibiotics be completed as prescribed?
- ABecause the body needs several days to learn to produce the antibiotic itself
- BTo prevent the antibiotic from damaging the liver
- CTo reduce the chance that surviving bacteria cause relapse or resistance
- DTo make the antibiotic taste better over time
4.Medium
A drug inhibits the liver enzyme CYP3A4. What can happen to a second drug that is mainly metabolised by CYP3A4?
- AIts plasma level falls, so it may stop working at the usual dose
- BIt is excreted faster by the kidneys
- CNothing, because enzymes do not affect other drugs
- DIts plasma level rises, increasing the risk of side effects
5.Medium
Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?
- AA glucose tolerance test
- BAn echocardiogram in every patient
- CA bone density scan
- DScreening for latent tuberculosis
6.Medium
100 mL of an antibiotic is to be given over 30 minutes using a giving set of 20 drops/mL. What is the drip rate?
- AAbout 33 drops per minute
- BAbout 67 drops per minute
- CAbout 100 drops per minute
- DAbout 20 drops per minute
7.Hard
Why is vancomycin given by mouth, not intravenously, for Clostridioides difficile infection?
- AIntravenous vancomycin causes C. difficile infection
- BOral vancomycin is absorbed into the blood better than IV vancomycin
- CThe oral form is cheaper but has the same effect as IV
- DOral vancomycin is not absorbed, so it reaches high levels in the colon
8.Hard
A patient who has taken lorazepam daily for many months stops it suddenly. Which serious complication may follow?
- AWithdrawal seizures
- BPinpoint pupils and coma
- CSevere bradycardia
- DProfound respiratory depression
Answer key
- 1. B · Intramuscular adrenaline
- 2. B · The point when blood cell counts are at their lowest
- 3. C · To reduce the chance that surviving bacteria cause relapse or resistance
- 4. D · Its plasma level rises, increasing the risk of side effects
- 5. D · Screening for latent tuberculosis
- 6. B · About 67 drops per minute
- 7. D · Oral vancomycin is not absorbed, so it reaches high levels in the colon
- 8. A · Withdrawal seizures
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