1.Easy
Which drug can be used in beta blocker overdose because it raises heart rate through a non-adrenergic pathway?
- AInsulin
- BGlucagon
- CNaloxone
- DFlumazenil
2.Easy
In the United States, what does a Schedule II controlled substance mean?
- AA drug with almost no risk of abuse
- BA drug available freely over the counter
- CA drug with no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse
- DA drug with accepted medical use but a high risk of abuse
3.Easy
What is the normal serum sodium range in adults?
- A95–105 mmol/L
- B135–145 mmol/L
- C150–165 mmol/L
- D3.5–5.0 mmol/L
4.Medium
Which assessments are most important during a magnesium sulfate infusion?
- ABowel sounds and appetite
- BDeep tendon reflexes, respiratory rate and urine output
- CBlood glucose, pupil size and pupil reaction to light
- DTemperature and skin colour only
5.Medium
A patient with a peanut allergy is taught to use an adrenaline auto-injector. Which statement is correct?
- ACall emergency services after using it, even if symptoms improve
- BThere is no need to see a doctor if the swelling goes down
- CKeep it at home so it is not lost
- DUse it only if the antihistamine has not worked after an hour
6.Medium
Why is testing for HLA-B*15:02 recommended before carbamazepine in people of some Asian ancestries?
- AThis gene variant makes carbamazepine ineffective
- BIt greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
- CThis gene variant causes carbamazepine to raise blood glucose
- DThis gene variant speeds up the kidney excretion of carbamazepine
7.Hard
A patient recently started on haloperidol develops high fever, "lead-pipe" muscle rigidity, confusion and a very high creatine kinase. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- ASerotonin syndrome
- BMalignant hyperthermia from anaesthesia
- CAcute dystonia
- DNeuroleptic malignant syndrome
8.Hard
A patient who takes clonidine stopped it suddenly two days ago. He is now agitated, has a headache and his blood pressure is very high. What is the most likely explanation?
- ANormal variation unrelated to the medication
- BClonidine toxicity due to slow excretion by the kidneys
- CRebound hypertension from abrupt clonidine withdrawal
- DAn allergic reaction to clonidine
Answer key
- 1. B · Glucagon
- 2. D · A drug with accepted medical use but a high risk of abuse
- 3. B · 135–145 mmol/L
- 4. B · Deep tendon reflexes, respiratory rate and urine output
- 5. A · Call emergency services after using it, even if symptoms improve
- 6. B · It greatly raises the risk of Stevens–Johnson syndrome
- 7. D · Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- 8. C · Rebound hypertension from abrupt clonidine withdrawal
Full step-by-step solutions: practise this topic on examproblems.com.