Research methods in psychology worksheet with answers

A Type II error occurs when a researcher:

1. ARejects a null hypothesis that is actually true, finding an effect that is not there
2. BFails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false
3. CMeasures the wrong dependent variable
4. DUses the wrong statistical test

Which level of measurement has equal intervals and a true zero point, such as reaction time?

1. ARatio
2. BNominal
3. CInterval
4. DOrdinal

Which sampling method selects people who happen to be available at the time, such as students in a canteen?

1. AOpportunity sampling
2. BStratified sampling
3. CRandom sampling
4. DSystematic sampling

A researcher wants to test whether there is an association between gender (male/female) and preferred film genre (four categories). Which test is appropriate?

1. APaired t-test
2. BChi-square test of independence
3. COne-way ANOVA
4. DPearson's correlation

In a positively skewed distribution, such as income:

1. AThe mean is greater than the median
2. BThe mean is less than the median
3. CThere are no extreme scores
4. DThe mean and median are always equal

Experimenter bias is reduced most directly by:

1. AUsing a researcher who does not know the hypothesis or conditions to collect data
2. BUsing only volunteers
3. CUsing a one-tailed hypothesis
4. DUsing a larger sample

In thematic analysis, the analyst mainly:

1. AIdentifies recurring patterns of meaning across qualitative data
2. BCounts word frequencies only
3. CCalculates the mean score of each theme to compare them statistically
4. DTests a numerical hypothesis

Increasing the sample size in a study most directly:

1. ARemoves all bias from the sample
2. BIncreases the effect size
3. CIncreases statistical power to detect a real effect
4. DGuarantees a statistically significant result if any effect exists