1.Easy
A graph that shows the relationship between two continuous variables, with one point per participant, is a:
- APie chart
- BScatterplot
- CBar chart
- DHistogram
2.Easy
The median of the scores 3, 7, 8, 12, 20 is:
- A7
- B8
- C12
- D10
3.Easy
A covert observation is one in which:
- ABehaviour is recorded in a laboratory
- BThe observer joins the group being observed
- CParticipants do not know they are being observed
- DParticipants know about the study and agree to it
4.Medium
Which design uses different participants in each condition?
- AIndependent groups design
- BMatched pairs design with the same people
- CWithin-subjects design
- DRepeated measures design
5.Medium
In a normal distribution, approximately what percentage of scores lie within one standard deviation of the mean?
- A50%
- B99.7%
- C68%
- D95%
6.Medium
In a content analysis, inter-rater reliability is checked by:
- AAsking participants afterwards whether the researcher's coding of their material is correct
- BCoding the material twice in one day
- CHaving two researchers code the same material and comparing results
- DUsing a larger sample of materials
7.Hard
In qualitative research, reflexivity means that the researcher:
- AUses a random sample to remove bias
- BRepeats the study to check reliability
- CConverts themes into numerical data
- DReflects on how their own background and assumptions may shape the analysis
8.Hard
Increasing the sample size in a study most directly:
- ARemoves all bias from the sample
- BGuarantees a statistically significant result if any effect exists
- CIncreases the effect size
- DIncreases statistical power to detect a real effect
Answer key
- 1. B · Scatterplot
- 2. B · 8
- 3. C · Participants do not know they are being observed
- 4. A · Independent groups design
- 5. C · 68%
- 6. C · Having two researchers code the same material and comparing results
- 7. D · Reflects on how their own background and assumptions may shape the analysis
- 8. D · Increases statistical power to detect a real effect
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