Research methods in psychology worksheet with answers

Which measure of spread is the difference between the highest and lowest scores?

1. AThe interquartile range
2. BThe standard deviation
3. CThe range
4. DThe variance

A correlation of −0.85 indicates:

1. AA strong negative relationship
2. BA strong positive relationship
3. CNo relationship
4. DA weak negative relationship

In a matched pairs design:

1. AParticipants are paired on relevant characteristics and one of each pair goes into each condition
2. BThe same participants take part in all conditions
3. CParticipants are randomly allocated with no matching
4. DOnly twins can take part

A researcher wants to test whether there is an association between gender (male/female) and preferred film genre (four categories). Which test is appropriate?

1. AChi-square test of independence
2. BPaired t-test
3. CPearson's correlation
4. DOne-way ANOVA

The standard error of the mean becomes smaller when:

1. AThe sample size increases
2. BThe sample size decreases
3. CThe mean increases
4. DThe variable is measured at ordinal level

Which kind of data is collected with an open question in an interview?

1. AQualitative data
2. BNominal quantitative data only
3. CInterval data
4. DRatio data

Why do many researchers argue that p-values should be reported together with effect sizes and confidence intervals?

1. AEffect sizes make sample size irrelevant to significance
2. BA p-value does not show how large or precise the effect is
3. CConfidence intervals are only needed in qualitative research
4. DP-values show the probability the hypothesis is true

A researcher records data at nine time points and tests at the 5% level each time without correction. What is the problem?

1. AThe effect size falls with each test
2. BThe chance of at least one false positive rises well above 5%
3. CThe data become more reliable each time, so the final test is the most accurate
4. DThere is no problem with this approach