Research methods in psychology worksheet with answers

Which measure of spread is the difference between the highest and lowest scores?

1. AThe standard deviation
2. BThe variance
3. CThe range
4. DThe interquartile range

In an experiment, the variable that is measured to see whether it is affected by the manipulation is the:

1. AIndependent variable
2. BControl variable
3. CDependent variable
4. DExtraneous variable

A Type II error occurs when a researcher:

1. AFails to reject a null hypothesis that is actually false
2. BRejects a null hypothesis that is actually true, finding an effect that is not there
3. CUses the wrong statistical test
4. DMeasures the wrong dependent variable

Operationalisation means:

1. ADefining variables in a precise, measurable way
2. BChoosing a statistical test
3. CGiving participants instructions
4. DCarrying out the research in a real operational setting, such as a hospital

A student scores 130 on a test with mean 100 and standard deviation 15. What is the z-score?

1. A3.0
2. B0.5
3. C2.0
4. D1.5

A researcher sends a questionnaire to all students and then asks respondents to recruit friends who also use a rare sleep app. Which sampling method is used for the second step?

1. AStratified sampling
2. BSystematic sampling
3. CSnowball sampling
4. DRandom sampling

Why do many researchers argue that p-values should be reported together with effect sizes and confidence intervals?

1. AConfidence intervals are only needed in qualitative research
2. BP-values show the probability the hypothesis is true
3. CA p-value does not show how large or precise the effect is
4. DEffect sizes make sample size irrelevant to significance

Increasing the sample size in a study most directly:

1. ARemoves all bias from the sample
2. BGuarantees a statistically significant result if any effect exists
3. CIncreases the effect size
4. DIncreases statistical power to detect a real effect