Research methods in psychology worksheet with answers

A variable other than the IV that changes systematically with the IV and could explain the result is called a:

1. AConfounding variable
2. BDependent variable
3. CDemand characteristic
4. DControl variable

A hypothesis that predicts a difference but does not say in which direction is called:

1. ANon-directional (two-tailed)
2. BA null hypothesis
3. CDirectional (one-tailed)
4. DAn operational definition

Which sampling method gives every member of the population an equal chance of being selected?

1. ARandom sampling
2. BOpportunity sampling
3. CVolunteer sampling
4. DSnowball sampling

Which design uses different participants in each condition?

1. ARepeated measures design
2. BWithin-subjects design
3. CMatched pairs design with the same people
4. DIndependent groups design

A new depression questionnaire predicts which students will seek treatment over the next year. This supports which type of validity?

1. AConcurrent validity
2. BPredictive validity
3. CContent validity
4. DFace validity

Ecological validity refers to:

1. AHow well findings generalise to real-life settings
2. BWhether a test predicts future behaviour
3. CHow consistent a test is over time
4. DWhether the test looks like it measures the right thing

After analysing the data, a researcher writes the introduction as if an unexpected finding had been predicted all along. This is called:

1. AHARKing (hypothesising after the results are known)
2. BCounterbalancing
3. CDebriefing
4. DOperationalisation

Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) mainly aims to:

1. ACount the frequency of words in texts
2. BMeasure reaction times accurately
3. CTest causal hypotheses with large samples
4. DExplore how individuals make sense of their own lived experiences