1.Easy
A stereotype is:
- AA legal rule about groups
- BA feeling of liking for members of one's own group only
- CA generalised belief about members of a group
- DA negative behaviour towards a group
2.Easy
Seeing members of other groups as "all alike" while seeing your own group as varied is the:
- AIn-group favouritism effect
- BJust-world effect
- COut-group homogeneity effect
- DFalse consensus effect
3.Easy
Sternberg's triangular theory of love has which three components?
- ATrust, respect and loyalty
- BAttraction, proximity and similarity
- CAffect, behaviour and cognition
- DIntimacy, passion and commitment
4.Medium
Groupthink is most likely when a group:
- AContains many members who openly disagree and challenge the leader's views
- BSeeks advice from outside experts
- CIs highly cohesive, isolated and led by a directive leader
- DUses a formal devil's advocate
5.Medium
LaPiere travelled across the USA with a Chinese couple in the 1930s. Almost every hotel and restaurant served them, but most later replied by letter that they would not serve Chinese guests. This shows:
- AThat general attitudes always predict behaviour
- BThat prejudice against Chinese people did not exist
- CA gap between stated attitudes and behaviour
- DThat written replies are more honest than actions
6.Medium
Adorno and colleagues linked prejudice to an "authoritarian personality". This personality was thought to develop from:
- AMembership of trivial or minimal groups
- BCompetition for jobs and housing in adulthood
- CA strict, harsh upbringing with conditional love
- DA permissive upbringing with very few rules or limits
7.Hard
Social identity theory (Tajfel and Turner) explains in-group favouritism mainly by:
- APeople's need to maintain positive self-esteem through group membership
- BFear of punishment from the group leader
- CGenetic similarity between group members, which favours helping relatives
- DCompetition for limited resources only
8.Hard
Fischer and colleagues' meta-analysis of the bystander effect found that it was weaker when:
- AThe emergency was clearly dangerous
- BThere were more bystanders present
- CThe situation was more ambiguous
- DAll the bystanders were strangers
Answer key
- 1. C · A generalised belief about members of a group
- 2. C · Out-group homogeneity effect
- 3. D · Intimacy, passion and commitment
- 4. C · Is highly cohesive, isolated and led by a directive leader
- 5. C · A gap between stated attitudes and behaviour
- 6. C · A strict, harsh upbringing with conditional love
- 7. A · People's need to maintain positive self-esteem through group membership
- 8. A · The emergency was clearly dangerous
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