1.Easy
Realistic conflict theory explains hostility between groups mainly as a result of:
- ACompetition for limited resources
- BA lack of contact with others
- CPersonality traits of group members
- DMere membership of a group
2.Easy
Accepting a group's view both publicly and privately because you truly believe it is called:
- AConversion
- BCompliance
- CIdentification
- DInternalisation
3.Easy
The bystander effect means that:
- AGroups make riskier decisions
- BPeople are less likely to help when others are present
- CBystanders are usually the main cause of the accidents they witness
- DPeople always help when they see an emergency
4.Medium
In Asch's impression studies, changing one word in a list of traits from "warm" to "cold" greatly changed the overall impression. This suggests "warm" is a:
- APeripheral trait
- BStereotype
- CPrimacy cue only
- DCentral trait
5.Medium
The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to:
- AAssume others agree with us
- BBlame the situation for one's own failures while taking personal credit for one's successes
- COverestimate personality and underestimate the situation when explaining others' behaviour
- DOverestimate the role of luck in success
6.Medium
In Latané and Darley's five-step model of bystander intervention, pluralistic ignorance mainly affects which step?
- ANoticing that something is happening
- BDeciding whether the costs are worth it
- CInterpreting the event as an emergency
- DKnowing how to give the right help
7.Hard
An older couple has deep closeness and a firm commitment, but little passion left. In Sternberg's theory this is:
- ARomantic love
- BConsummate love
- CEmpty love
- DCompanionate love
8.Hard
Pettigrew and Tropp's meta-analysis of over 500 studies on intergroup contact found that:
- AContact has no measurable effect once prior attitudes are controlled
- BContact usually reduces prejudice; Allport's conditions add to it
- CContact usually increases prejudice unless groups are kept apart
- DContact reduces prejudice only if all of Allport's conditions are met
Answer key
- 1. A · Competition for limited resources
- 2. D · Internalisation
- 3. B · People are less likely to help when others are present
- 4. D · Central trait
- 5. C · Overestimate personality and underestimate the situation when explaining others' behaviour
- 6. C · Interpreting the event as an emergency
- 7. D · Companionate love
- 8. B · Contact usually reduces prejudice; Allport's conditions add to it
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