1.Easy
Overestimating how much other people notice our appearance or behaviour is called the:
- AFalse consensus effect
- BActor–observer bias
- CHalo effect
- DSpotlight effect
2.Easy
A stereotype is:
- AA generalised belief about members of a group
- BA negative behaviour towards a group
- CA legal rule about groups
- DA feeling of liking for members of one's own group only
3.Easy
In Milgram's obedience study, about what percentage of participants went to the maximum 450-volt level?
- AAbout 65%
- BAbout 5%
- CAbout 25%
- DAbout 95%
4.Medium
A friend suggests hitting a punching bag to "get anger out of your system". What does research by Bushman and others suggest?
- AVenting like this tends to increase later aggression
- BVenting reliably reduces anger and so lowers later aggression
- CVenting helps only if done in front of the target
- DVenting has no effect on mood or on later behaviour
5.Medium
Which factor reduced obedience most in Milgram's variations?
- AThe experimenter giving orders by telephone
- BHaving the experimenter wear a lab coat
- CMoving the study to a prestigious university
- DIncreasing the shock levels shown on the machine
6.Medium
LaPiere travelled across the USA with a Chinese couple in the 1930s. Almost every hotel and restaurant served them, but most later replied by letter that they would not serve Chinese guests. This shows:
- AA gap between stated attitudes and behaviour
- BThat prejudice against Chinese people did not exist
- CThat general attitudes always predict behaviour
- DThat written replies are more honest than actions
7.Hard
Students heard a proposal for exams. When told it would affect them personally, argument quality mattered most. When told it would apply in future, the source's expertise mattered most. This supports:
- ABrehm's reactance theory
- BLatané's social impact theory
- CThe elaboration likelihood model
- DMcGuire's inoculation theory
8.Hard
Why are the results of the Stanford prison experiment treated with caution today?
- AIt had too many participants to analyse
- BIt was carried out in a real prison with real inmates as the prisoners
- CIt found no differences between guards and prisoners
- DGuards were partly coached and demand characteristics were strong
Answer key
- 1. D · Spotlight effect
- 2. A · A generalised belief about members of a group
- 3. A · About 65%
- 4. A · Venting like this tends to increase later aggression
- 5. A · The experimenter giving orders by telephone
- 6. A · A gap between stated attitudes and behaviour
- 7. C · The elaboration likelihood model
- 8. D · Guards were partly coached and demand characteristics were strong
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