1.Easy
The frustration–aggression hypothesis states that:
- AActing aggressively always removes the frustration
- BFrustration leads to withdrawal rather than aggression
- CAggression is learned only by watching other people
- DBeing blocked from a goal makes aggression more likely
2.Easy
In student housing, people were most likely to become friends with those living closest to them. This shows the role of:
- ASimilarity in attraction
- BReciprocity of liking
- CPhysical attractiveness
- DProximity in attraction
3.Easy
Which term describes reduced effort when working in a group compared with alone?
- ADeindividuation
- BSocial facilitation
- CSocial loafing
- DGroupthink
4.Medium
Someone realises "I always order salad, so I must like healthy food". Which theory describes inferring attitudes from one's own behaviour?
- ASocial identity theory
- BSocial comparison theory
- CSelf-perception theory
- DRealistic conflict theory
5.Medium
A message from a low-credibility source becomes more persuasive weeks later, as people forget where it came from. This is the:
- APrimacy effect
- BBoomerang effect
- CSleeper effect
- DMere exposure effect
6.Medium
In a variation of Asch's study, participants wrote their answers privately instead of saying them aloud, and conformity dropped sharply. What does this suggest?
- AWriting answers made the task more difficult
- BThe conformity was mainly informational
- CMuch of the original conformity was normative
- DMost participants had poor eyesight for lines
7.Hard
Steele and Aronson found that Black students did worse than White students on a hard verbal test when it was described as a measure of ability, but equally well when it was described as a non-diagnostic task. This shows that:
- AThe way a test is described has no effect on how well people perform
- BAbility differences between groups are fixed and cannot change
- CFraming a test can create performance gaps via stereotype threat
- DHard verbal tests are equally difficult for every student
8.Hard
Fischer and colleagues' meta-analysis of the bystander effect found that it was weaker when:
- AThere were more bystanders present
- BThe emergency was clearly dangerous
- CThe situation was more ambiguous
- DAll the bystanders were strangers
Answer key
- 1. D · Being blocked from a goal makes aggression more likely
- 2. D · Proximity in attraction
- 3. C · Social loafing
- 4. C · Self-perception theory
- 5. C · Sleeper effect
- 6. C · Much of the original conformity was normative
- 7. C · Framing a test can create performance gaps via stereotype threat
- 8. B · The emergency was clearly dangerous
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