Social psychology worksheet with answers

When everyone in a group looks calm in an unclear situation, each person may conclude that nothing is wrong. This is called:

1. AGroup polarisation
2. BDiffusion of responsibility
3. CPluralistic ignorance
4. DSocial loafing

Blaming an innocent out-group for one's own frustrations and problems is called:

1. AReactance
2. BGroupthink
3. CSocial loafing
4. DScapegoating

A person's overall evaluation of their own worth is called:

1. ASelf-awareness
2. BSelf-esteem
3. CSelf-concept
4. DSelf-efficacy

The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to:

1. AAssume others agree with us
2. BBlame the situation for one's own failures while taking personal credit for one's successes
3. COverestimate the role of luck in success
4. DOverestimate personality and underestimate the situation when explaining others' behaviour

A smoker who knows smoking is harmful tells himself "the research isn't really conclusive". In dissonance terms, he is reducing dissonance by:

1. AIncreasing the importance of the conflict
2. BChanging his behaviour
3. CConforming to a group norm
4. DChanging one of the conflicting cognitions

Aronson and Mills found that women who went through an embarrassing initiation to join a dull discussion group rated it more positively than those with a mild initiation. This is:

1. AThe mere exposure effect
2. BSocial facilitation
3. CEffort justification
4. DThe halo effect

Kunst-Wilson and Zajonc showed octagons too briefly to be recognised. Later, participants could not tell old from new shapes but preferred the ones shown before. This suggests:

1. AMere exposure can raise liking without conscious recognition
2. BPeople always know which shapes they have seen before
3. CVery brief exposure tends to reduce liking for a shape
4. DLiking depends only on what can be consciously remembered from before

Moscovici's research showed that a consistent minority can influence a majority mainly through:

1. ANormative pressure leading to quick public compliance with the minority
2. BObedience to authority
3. CInformational influence leading to private, deeper attitude change
4. DPunishment of dissenters