1.Easy
Helping another person without expecting anything in return is called:
- ACompliance
- BAltruism
- CReciprocity
- DSocial exchange
2.Easy
Accepting a group's view both publicly and privately because you truly believe it is called:
- AConversion
- BIdentification
- CInternalisation
- DCompliance
3.Easy
Overestimating how much other people notice our appearance or behaviour is called the:
- AFalse consensus effect
- BHalo effect
- CActor–observer bias
- DSpotlight effect
4.Medium
A smoker who knows smoking is harmful tells himself "the research isn't really conclusive". In dissonance terms, he is reducing dissonance by:
- AIncreasing the importance of the conflict
- BChanging one of the conflicting cognitions
- CChanging his behaviour
- DConforming to a group norm
5.Medium
The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to:
- AAssume others agree with us
- BBlame the situation for one's own failures while taking personal credit for one's successes
- COverestimate personality and underestimate the situation when explaining others' behaviour
- DOverestimate the role of luck in success
6.Medium
In the Robbers Cave study, hostility between the two groups of boys was reduced most by:
- ASimply having more contact during meals
- BWorking together on superordinate goals
- CSeparating the groups completely
- DCompetitive sports tournaments
7.Hard
In Latané and Darley's smoke-filled room study, participants alone usually reported the smoke, but those with two calm confederates rarely did. The best explanation is:
- ADeindividuation caused by sitting in a group
- BNormative influence from an authority figure
- CSocial loafing while working on a group task
- DPluralistic ignorance about whether it was an emergency
8.Hard
Social loafing in a group shouting task disappeared when participants believed their individual output could be identified. This shows loafing is driven mainly by:
- APoor coordination only
- BPhysical tiredness in larger groups
- CReduced evaluation of individual effort
- DFear of the experimenter
Answer key
- 1. B · Altruism
- 2. C · Internalisation
- 3. D · Spotlight effect
- 4. B · Changing one of the conflicting cognitions
- 5. C · Overestimate personality and underestimate the situation when explaining others' behaviour
- 6. B · Working together on superordinate goals
- 7. D · Pluralistic ignorance about whether it was an emergency
- 8. C · Reduced evaluation of individual effort
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