1.Easy
Helping another person without expecting anything in return is called:
- AAltruism
- BReciprocity
- CCompliance
- DSocial exchange
2.Easy
When everyone in a group looks calm in an unclear situation, each person may conclude that nothing is wrong. This is called:
- APluralistic ignorance
- BSocial loafing
- CDiffusion of responsibility
- DGroup polarisation
3.Easy
People tend to like things more simply because they have seen them often. This is the:
- AFalse consensus effect
- BMere exposure effect
- CBystander effect
- DHalo effect
4.Medium
According to Latané's social impact theory, social influence increases with the strength, immediacy and:
- AGender of the sources
- BIntelligence of the target
- CNumber of the sources
- DAge of the target
5.Medium
According to the elaboration likelihood model, which route of persuasion produces longer-lasting attitude change?
- ABoth produce exactly the same change
- BThe peripheral route, based on cues such as the source's attractiveness
- CNeither produces any attitude change
- DThe central route, based on careful thinking about the arguments
6.Medium
Exposing people to weak arguments against their view, along with rebuttals, makes them more resistant to later persuasion. This is:
- AThe sleeper effect
- BReactance theory
- CInoculation theory
- DThe elaboration likelihood model
7.Hard
In Tajfel's minimal group studies, boys allocated points between an in-group and an out-group member. They often preferred options that:
- AMaximised the gap in their group's favour, even at a cost
- BGave both boys the highest possible joint total of reward points
- CSplit the points exactly equally between both groups
- DGave more to the out-group member so as to appear fair
8.Hard
Gaertner and Dovidio found that White participants helped Black and White victims equally when they were the only witness, but helped Black victims less when other bystanders were present. This supports the idea of:
- ADiffusion of responsibility that affects all victims equally
- BAversive racism, shown when a non-racial excuse is available
- COpen, old-fashioned racism that appears in every situation
- DA complete absence of prejudice among the participants
Answer key
- 1. A · Altruism
- 2. A · Pluralistic ignorance
- 3. B · Mere exposure effect
- 4. C · Number of the sources
- 5. D · The central route, based on careful thinking about the arguments
- 6. C · Inoculation theory
- 7. A · Maximised the gap in their group's favour, even at a cost
- 8. B · Aversive racism, shown when a non-racial excuse is available
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