1.Easy
A self-fulfilling prophecy occurs when:
- AA group makes a riskier decision than its members would alone
- BAn expectation causes behaviour that makes it true
- CPeople change attitudes to match behaviour
- DPeople remember only predictions that came true
2.Easy
Explaining a classmate's failed exam by saying "she is lazy" is an example of:
- AA dispositional (internal) attribution
- BA situational (external) attribution
- CA conformity response
- DA self-serving attribution
3.Easy
The matching hypothesis predicts that people tend to form relationships with partners who:
- AAre much more attractive than them
- BHave opposite personalities
- CLive far away from them
- DAre similar to them in attractiveness
4.Medium
Groupthink is most likely when a group:
- AIs highly cohesive, isolated and led by a directive leader
- BContains many members who openly disagree and challenge the leader's views
- CSeeks advice from outside experts
- DUses a formal devil's advocate
5.Medium
Which concept describes believing that others share our opinions more than they actually do?
- AFalse consensus effect
- BFundamental attribution error
- CJust-world belief
- DHalo effect
6.Medium
According to Ajzen's theory of planned behaviour, intentions are predicted by attitudes, subjective norms and:
- APhysical attractiveness of the source
- BThe size of the group involved
- CCognitive dissonance
- DPerceived behavioural control
7.Hard
Bond and Smith's meta-analysis of Asch-type studies found that conformity was:
- AHigher in individualist than in collectivist cultures
- BHigher in collectivist than in individualist cultures
- CExactly the same in all countries and time periods
- DRising steadily in the USA since the 1950s
8.Hard
In Milgram's study, the shock level rose in small 15-volt steps. Why might this gradual increase have raised obedience?
- AIt reduced the pressure coming from the experimenter's instructions
- BEach small step made stopping harder to justify, like foot-in-the-door
- CSmall steps meant the shocks felt exactly the same to the learner each time
- DParticipants did not notice that the voltage was changing at all
Answer key
- 1. B · An expectation causes behaviour that makes it true
- 2. A · A dispositional (internal) attribution
- 3. D · Are similar to them in attractiveness
- 4. A · Is highly cohesive, isolated and led by a directive leader
- 5. A · False consensus effect
- 6. D · Perceived behavioural control
- 7. B · Higher in collectivist than in individualist cultures
- 8. B · Each small step made stopping harder to justify, like foot-in-the-door
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