1.Easy
For a defamation claim, the statement must be defamatory, refer to the claimant, and be:
- ARepeated by at least two people
- BPublished to at least one third party
- CRead by the claimant personally
- DPublished in print or on television
2.Easy
A civil claim for breach of statutory duty succeeds only if:
- AThe defendant has also been convicted of a criminal offence under the statute
- BThe claimant has no other possible claim
- CParliament intended the statute to give individuals a right to sue
- DThe statute creates any duty at all
3.Easy
In England and Wales, a negligence claim for personal injury must usually be started within:
- AThree years of the injury or the date of knowledge
- BSix years of the injury
- CTwelve years of the injury
- DOne year of the injury
4.Medium
The Wagon Mound case concerns which issue?
- AStrict liability for animals
- BDirectness: a defendant is liable for all direct consequences of the breach
- CDuty of care to unborn children
- DRemoteness: only reasonably foreseeable types of damage are recoverable
5.Medium
Auditors negligently certify a company's accounts. An investor relies on them to buy more shares and suffers loss. In Caparo v Dickman, the auditors:
- AOwed no duty to the investor for this purpose
- BWere strictly liable for errors in the accounts
- COwed a duty because the investor was a shareholder
- DOwed a duty to anyone relying on the accounts
6.Medium
The Caparo test for a new duty of care requires:
- AForeseeability of harm, proximity and that it is fair, just and reasonable to impose a duty
- BA contract between the parties, a breach of its terms and loss flowing directly from the breach
- CProof of criminal conduct
- DIntention, motive and damage
7.Hard
A man is prevented from walking along part of a bridge closed for an event, but is free to go back the way he came. In Bird v Jones, the court held:
- AThere was an assault, because he was blocked
- BThere was no false imprisonment, because his freedom was not totally restricted
- CThere was false imprisonment, because the bridge was public
- DThere was false imprisonment, because he could not continue the way he wanted to go
8.Hard
A worker gets dermatitis from brick dust. The employer did not provide washing facilities, but science could not show that washing would have prevented it. In McGhee v National Coal Board:
- AThe employer was liable for half the damages only
- BThe employer was liable, because its breach materially increased the risk
- CThe employer was not liable, because the "but for" test could not be satisfied
- DThe worker was barred by consenting to the risk
Answer key
- 1. B · Published to at least one third party
- 2. C · Parliament intended the statute to give individuals a right to sue
- 3. A · Three years of the injury or the date of knowledge
- 4. D · Remoteness: only reasonably foreseeable types of damage are recoverable
- 5. A · Owed no duty to the investor for this purpose
- 6. A · Foreseeability of harm, proximity and that it is fair, just and reasonable to impose a duty
- 7. B · There was no false imprisonment, because his freedom was not totally restricted
- 8. B · The employer was liable, because its breach materially increased the risk
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