1.Easy
In negligence, the standard of care is usually that of:
- AThe reasonable person in the defendant's position
- BA perfect expert in every case
- CThe claimant's expectations
- DThe defendant's own personal best
2.Easy
Wrongfully dealing with another person's goods in a way that denies their rights, such as selling them, is the tort of:
- APassing off
- BBattery
- CNuisance
- DConversion
3.Easy
What is the usual remedy for an ongoing private nuisance?
- ARescission
- BA fine payable to the state
- CAn apology ordered by the court
- DAn injunction
4.Medium
In a claim for psychiatric harm, a "secondary victim" must usually show:
- AOnly that they suffered a recognised psychiatric illness after hearing of the event
- BA close tie of love and affection and closeness in time and space to the event
- CPhysical injury of their own
- DThat they were paid to be present
5.Medium
A milkman, forbidden by his employer to give lifts, lets a boy ride on his float to help deliver milk. The boy is injured by the milkman's negligence. In Rose v Plenty, the employer was:
- ANot liable, because the boy was a trespasser
- BLiable only if the milkman had no insurance
- CNot liable, because giving lifts had been expressly forbidden by the employer
- DVicariously liable, because the boy was helping with the employer's work
6.Medium
Strict liability means a defendant can be liable:
- AOnly if they acted intentionally
- BOnly if they broke a contract
- CWithout proof of fault
- DOnly for criminal acts
7.Hard
A council's water pipe to a block of flats leaks and causes an embankment to collapse, exposing a gas main. In Transco v Stockport MBC, the House of Lords held:
- ARylands v Fletcher was abolished in English law
- BThere was no Rylands liability, because supplying water by pipe was not a non-natural use
- CThe council was liable in negligence for the leak
- DThe council was strictly liable for all escaping water
8.Hard
A worker gets dermatitis from brick dust. The employer did not provide washing facilities, but science could not show that washing would have prevented it. In McGhee v National Coal Board:
- AThe employer was not liable, because the "but for" test could not be satisfied
- BThe employer was liable, because its breach materially increased the risk
- CThe worker was barred by consenting to the risk
- DThe employer was liable for half the damages only
Answer key
- 1. A · The reasonable person in the defendant's position
- 2. D · Conversion
- 3. D · An injunction
- 4. B · A close tie of love and affection and closeness in time and space to the event
- 5. D · Vicariously liable, because the boy was helping with the employer's work
- 6. C · Without proof of fault
- 7. B · There was no Rylands liability, because supplying water by pipe was not a non-natural use
- 8. B · The employer was liable, because its breach materially increased the risk
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