护理助理(CNA)知识
方法
- 检查住养者此刻是否处于危险中(呼吸停止、噎住、跌倒、胸痛、卒中征象);如果是,先保证其安全并立即叫护士。
- 问一问这项任务是否在护理助理的职责范围和培训范围内;如果不是,礼貌地拒绝并告知护士。
- 尊重住养者的权利:隐私、选择权、拒绝照护、尊严,以及免受虐待和不必要的约束。
- 应用基本规则:手卫生、人体力学、床放低且呼叫器在伸手可及处、穿衣时先穿弱侧。
- 观察并报告:与住养者平时的状态比较,及时、客观地报告变化。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 4 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
When a resident is positioned on the side, where are pillows usually placed?
A resident with dementia refuses to take off her soiled dress and becomes upset each time the nursing assistant asks. What is the best approach?
练习题(虚构数值,不作为临床指导)。 一个剂量记录在 3:35 PM。哪个条目是 24 小时制中的同一时间?点击它。
练习题(虚构数值,不作为临床指导)。 一个班次中,患者摄入了½ tsp / 止咳糖浆, 2 tbsp / 液体营养补充剂, ¾ 杯 / 茶。按给出的等量关系,求以 mL 表示的口服总摄入量V。
答案: D · Between the knees and behind the back
In side-lying, a pillow between the knees keeps the hips aligned and stops the knees from rubbing, and a pillow behind the back keeps the resident from rolling back. Other pillows support the head and upper arm.
答案: D · Stop, try again later, and offer a similar clean dress she likes
For a resident with dementia, stopping and returning later with a calm approach, and offering a familiar choice, often leads to cooperation. Her dignity and skin need attention, so repeated refusal is reported.
答案: 15:35
24 小时制:下午 1 点起,小时数加 12(下午 3:45 = 15:45)。午夜到凌晨 12:59 为 00:00–00:59,中午 12:00–12:59 仍为 12:00–12:59。反过来换算时,13–23 点减 12 并标为下午;00 点变为凌晨 12 点。跨午夜计算时间要分两段:先算到 24:00(00:00),再从 00:00 算起。
答案: V = 212.5 mL
家用计量和体重:护理考试使用取整的等量关系:1 茶匙(tsp)= 5 mL,1 汤匙(tbsp)= 15 mL = 3 tsp,1 液量盎司(fl oz)= 30 mL = 2 tbsp,1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重方面,1 kg = 2.2 lb,1 lb = 16 oz;长度方面,1 英寸 = 2.54 cm。设置换算时,要让你不需要的单位相互约去。
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