“The temperature dropped below freezing overnight. In the morning, the puddles on the path were hard and slippery.” Why were the puddles hard?
ASomeone had covered them with sand.
BRain had fallen on them all night.
CThe water in them had frozen into ice.
DThe sun had dried them out.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
Paragraph A argues that hospitals should use more robots for routine tasks to free nurses for patient care. Paragraph B argues that robots cannot replace human comfort and judgement. On which point would both authors most likely agree?
ARobots should do all hospital tasks.
BNurses spend too much time with patients and too little on paperwork.
CHuman nurses play an important role in patient care.
DHospitals should not change at all.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “Drinking enough fluids helps prevent constipation.”
AStomach cramps after meals
BPainful urination
CDifficulty passing stools
DFrequent, loose stools
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
Which word is the opposite of flexion?
AAbduction
BExtension
CAdduction
DRotation
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Choose the correct form: “She is one of the ___ nurses on the unit.”
Abestest
Bgoodest
Cmost good
Dbest
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
Which choice best combines the sentences to show cause and effect? “The patient skipped breakfast. She felt faint during the test.”
AThe patient skipped breakfast, but she felt faint during the test.
BThe patient skipped breakfast, and she felt faint during the test.
CBecause the patient skipped breakfast, she felt faint during the test.
DAlthough the patient skipped breakfast, she felt faint during the test.
11.人体解剖学中等
大脑的哪一部分主要负责协调和平衡?
A小脑
B延髓
C下丘脑
D丘脑
12.人体解剖学困难
维生素 B12 和胆盐主要在小肠的哪一段吸收?
A盲肠
B回肠末端
C空肠
D十二指肠
13.人体生理学中等
什么是解剖无效腔?
A两层胸膜之间的间隙
B完全呼气后仍留在肺内的空气(残气量)
C不发生气体交换的传导气道的容积
D完全塌陷的肺泡
14.人体生理学困难
发热开始时,尽管体温正在上升,患者却寒战并感到冷。为什么?
A皮肤中的温度感受器被破坏
B出汗已经使身体过度冷却
C致热原把下丘脑体温调定点升高到当前体温以上
D身体失去了产热能力
15.护理入学考试生物中等
协助扩散与简单扩散有何不同?
A它只转运氧气等气体
B它利用通道蛋白或载体蛋白,但不用 ATP
C它利用 ATP 使分子"上坡"移动
D它利用泵和 ATP 使分子逆梯度移动
16.护理入学考试生物困难
Cystic fibrosis is caused by a faulty CFTR protein, which forms a chloride channel in the cell membrane. Which process is directly affected?
ADiffusion of oxygen molecules through the lipid bilayer
BMovement of chloride ions through a membrane protein
CProduction of ATP in the mitochondria
DCopying of DNA in the nucleus
17.护理入学考试化学中等
Magnesium forms Mg²⁺ ions and oxygen forms O²⁻ ions. What is the formula of magnesium oxide?
AMgO
BMg₂O
CMgO₂
DMg₂O₂
18.护理入学考试化学困难
Why is Dmitri Mendeleev's early periodic table regarded as such a success?
AHe left gaps and correctly predicted the properties of elements not yet discovered
BHe discovered the noble gases and placed them in group 18
CHe arranged the elements by atomic number, which he had discovered
DHe proved that the atoms of every element contain electrons
3溶液
1.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: x = 3960 ft
单位换算:乘以一个等于 1 的因子,写成能约去旧单位的形式:3 ft × 12 in/1 ft = 36 in。公制长度:1 km = 1000 m,1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm,1 cm = 10 mm。美制:1 ft = 12 in,1 yd = 3 ft,1 mi = 5280 ft;1 gal = 4 qt,1 qt = 2 pt,1 pt = 2 cups;1 ton = 2000 lb。时间:1 h = 60 min,1 min = 60 s,1 day = 24 h,1 week = 7 days。单位越小,数值越大。
英里换算成英尺
x = 0.75 × 5280 = 3960 ft
答案
x = 3960 ft
2.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: n = 12 月
应用题:给未知数命名(例如 x = 月数),把已知事实写成一个方程,解出它,并检查答案在题目情境中是否合理。固定费用加上每单位的费率,得到总额 = 费用 + 费率 × 单位数。
方程
40 + 20n = 280
求解
20n = 240
n = 240/20 = 12
答案
n = 12 月
3.护理数学与单位换算
答案: x = 7.2 mL
取整:看舍入位后面的那个数字:5 或更大则进位,4 或更小则保持原数字不变。只对最终答案取整,绝不对中间步骤取整。典型的考试规则:1 mL 或以上的体积取到十分位,低于 1 mL 的体积取到百分位,滴速取整到整滴,体重取到一位小数;务必遵循题目所规定的规则。
十分位位上的数字
7.2162 → 2
只看下一位数字
7.2162 → 1
1 小于或等于 4,所以 2 不变。
后面的数字(62)不考虑:只取整一次,不要逐位取整。
取整
x = 7.2 mL
答案
x = 7.2 mL
4.护理数学与单位换算
答案: V = 2.88 L
量纲分析:先写出已知量,再乘以写成分数形式的换算系数(例如 60 min/1 h 或 1 mg/1000 mcg),使每个不需要的单位在分子和分母各出现一次并相互约去。只剩下所求单位时再计算。使用题目给出的等量关系,只对最终答案取整。
一天的体积
120 mL/h × 24 h = 2880 mL
以升计
V = 2880/1000 = 2.88 L
答案
V = 2.88 L
5.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: C · The water in them had frozen into ice.
为什么是这个答案
Water freezes into ice below freezing temperatures, making the puddles hard and slippery.
答案
C · The water in them had frozen into ice.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: C · Human nurses play an important role in patient care.
为什么是这个答案
Paragraph A wants to free nurses for patient care, and Paragraph B values human comfort and judgement; both see nurses as important.
答案
C · Human nurses play an important role in patient care.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: C · Difficulty passing stools
为什么是这个答案
Constipation means infrequent or difficult bowel movements, often with hard stools.
答案
C · Difficulty passing stools
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: B · Extension
为什么是这个答案
Flexion decreases the angle at a joint, while extension increases it, straightening the limb.
答案
B · Extension
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: D · best
为什么是这个答案
“Good” has the irregular forms good, better, best. “Goodest” and “bestest” are not standard words.
答案
D · best
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: C · Because the patient skipped breakfast, she felt faint during the test.
为什么是这个答案
“Because” shows that skipping breakfast caused the faintness. “And” only adds ideas, and “although” and “but” wrongly suggest contrast.
答案
C · Because the patient skipped breakfast, she felt faint during the test.
11.人体解剖学
答案: A · 小脑
为什么是这个答案
小脑精细调节运动、姿势和平衡。损伤会导致共济失调和步态不稳。
答案
A · 小脑
12.人体解剖学
答案: B · 回肠末端
为什么是这个答案
回肠末端吸收维生素 B12(与内因子结合)并重吸收胆盐。十二指肠主要吸收铁。
答案
B · 回肠末端
13.人体生理学
答案: C · 不发生气体交换的传导气道的容积
为什么是这个答案
解剖无效腔(约 150 ml)是鼻腔、气管和支气管中的空气。它每次呼吸都会移动,但从不到达肺泡。
答案
C · 不发生气体交换的传导气道的容积
14.人体生理学
答案: C · 致热原把下丘脑体温调定点升高到当前体温以上
为什么是这个答案
致热原促使下丘脑产生前列腺素 E₂,使调定点升高。在体温达到新的调定点之前,会出现寒战等产热反应。
答案
C · 致热原把下丘脑体温调定点升高到当前体温以上
15.护理入学考试生物
答案: B · 它利用通道蛋白或载体蛋白,但不用 ATP
为什么是这个答案
在协助扩散中,不能穿过脂双层的分子通过膜蛋白,仍然是顺梯度、不需要 ATP。
答案
B · 它利用通道蛋白或载体蛋白,但不用 ATP
16.护理入学考试生物
答案: B · Movement of chloride ions through a membrane protein
为什么是这个答案
The CFTR protein lets chloride ions cross the membrane. When it is faulty, chloride and water movement is reduced, so secretions such as airway mucus become thick and sticky.
答案
B · Movement of chloride ions through a membrane protein
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: A · MgO
为什么是这个答案
One Mg²⁺ (2+) balances one O²⁻ (2−), so the formula is MgO. Mg₂O₂ has the right ratio but formulas of ionic compounds use the simplest ratio.
答案
A · MgO
18.护理入学考试化学
答案: A · He left gaps and correctly predicted the properties of elements not yet discovered
为什么是这个答案
Mendeleev grouped elements by similar properties and left gaps for unknown elements, predicting their properties. When gallium and germanium were found, they matched his predictions. Ordering by atomic number came later, after Moseley's work.
答案
A · He left gaps and correctly predicted the properties of elements not yet discovered