A patient handout says: “Call the clinic if your temperature rises above 38.5 °C (101.3 °F), if the wound becomes red and swollen, or if you notice any discharge.” Which situation should lead the patient to call?
AThe wound becomes red and swollen.
BThe bandage needs to be changed as planned.
CThe patient feels tired after a long walk.
DThe temperature is 37.0 °C (98.6 °F) in the evening.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
The author writes: “Our survey found that 9 out of 10 dentists recommend chewing gum.” The survey was paid for by a chewing gum company and asked only 10 dentists. Why should a reader be cautious about this claim?
AThe sample is tiny and the sponsor has an interest.
BChewing gum is not sold in most countries.
CThe survey should have asked only one dentist.
DDentists know little about teeth.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The bruise was on the lateral side of the knee.”
ATowards the midline of the body; on the inner side
BAway from the midline; on the outer side
CAt the back
DAt the front
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
Which word is closest in meaning to debilitated?
ARecovered
BWeakened
CConfused
DStrengthened
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Choose the correct word: “All hospital ___ must complete the safety training.”
Apersonnel
Bpersonal
Cpersons’
Dpersonals
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
Which sentence is a complex sentence?
AThe lab was closed, and the samples were sent elsewhere, but no one was told.
BThe lab was closed, so the samples were sent elsewhere.
CThe lab was closed; the samples were sent elsewhere.
DBecause the lab was closed, the samples were sent elsewhere.
11.人体解剖学中等
肝门静脉由哪两条静脉汇合而成?
A肠系膜上静脉和脾静脉
B肠系膜上静脉和左肾静脉
C下腔静脉和肾静脉
D肝静脉和脾静脉
12.人体解剖学困难
膝关节的哪条韧带防止胫骨相对股骨向前滑移?
A后交叉韧带
B内侧副韧带
C髌韧带
D前交叉韧带
13.人体生理学中等
Frank–Starling 机制描述的是:
A心室充盈增加时,每搏输出量增加
B温度升高时,收缩力下降
C动脉血压骤降时心率加快
D心房在心室之后收缩
14.人体生理学困难
颅脑损伤后,一名患者排出大量极稀的尿液,血钠升高。最可能的原因是什么?
AADH 释放缺乏(中枢性尿崩症)
B醛固酮过多
CADH 释放过多(SIADH)
D未控制的糖尿病
15.护理入学考试生物中等
A thermometer gives readings of 36.1, 36.1 and 36.2 °C for a water bath that is really at 37.0 °C. How are these readings best described?
AAccurate but not precise
BPrecise but not accurate
CBoth accurate and precise
DNeither accurate nor precise
16.护理入学考试生物困难
Why do phospholipids arrange themselves into a double layer in water?
ATheir heads are hydrophobic and their tails are hydrophilic
BTheir heads are hydrophilic and their tails are hydrophobic
CThey are fully soluble in water
DThey carry a strong positive charge on both ends
17.护理入学考试化学中等
Why does oxygen move from the alveoli of the lungs into the blood?
AOxygen is heavier than carbon dioxide
BOxygen is pumped actively into the blood
CThe partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the alveoli than in the blood
DThe partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the blood than in the alveoli
18.护理入学考试化学困难
How many atoms in total are in 0.5 mol of water, H₂O?
A1.81 × 10²⁴
B9.03 × 10²³
C3.01 × 10²³
D6.02 × 10²³
3溶液
1.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: C = 43.96 m
周长、面积和体积:周长是围绕图形一周的长度(长方形:2l + 2w)。面积以平方单位计量:长方形 l × w,三角形 ½ × 底 × 高,圆 π·r²。圆的周长是 π·d = 2π·r。体积以立方单位计量:长方体 l × w × h,圆柱 π·r²·h。使用题目给出的 π 值。
温度:°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9,°F = °C × 9/5 + 32。从 °F 换算时先减 32 再乘,从 °C 换算时先乘再加 32。快速核对:37 °C 为 98.6 °F,每 1 °C 相当于 1.8 °F。
减去 32
102.9 − 32 = 70.9
乘以 5/9
T = 70.9·5/9 = 39.39 ≈ 39.4 °C
答案
T = 39.4 °C
4.护理数学与单位换算
答案: D = 0.36 mg/h
量纲分析:先写出已知量,再乘以写成分数形式的换算系数(例如 60 min/1 h 或 1 mg/1000 mcg),使每个不需要的单位在分子和分母各出现一次并相互约去。只剩下所求单位时再计算。使用题目给出的等量关系,只对最终答案取整。
列出换算链
D = 6 mcg/min × (60 min/1 h) × (1 mg/1000 mcg)
计算
D = 6·60/1000 = 0.36 mg/h
答案
D = 0.36 mg/h
5.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: A · The wound becomes red and swollen.
为什么是这个答案
Redness and swelling of the wound is one of the listed warning signs. A temperature of 37.0 °C (98.6 °F) is below the 38.5 °C (101.3 °F) limit.
答案
A · The wound becomes red and swollen.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: A · The sample is tiny and the sponsor has an interest.
为什么是这个答案
A sample of 10 is too small to generalise from, and a gum company has a reason to want a positive result, so the claim may be biased.
答案
A · The sample is tiny and the sponsor has an interest.
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: B · Away from the midline; on the outer side
为什么是这个答案
Lateral means farther from the midline of the body. Medial means closer to it.
答案
B · Away from the midline; on the outer side
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: B · Weakened
为什么是这个答案
Debilitated means made weak and feeble, often by illness.
答案
B · Weakened
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: A · personnel
为什么是这个答案
“Personnel” (stress on the last syllable) means the employees of an organisation. “Personal” is an adjective meaning private or belonging to one person.
答案
A · personnel
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: D · Because the lab was closed, the samples were sent elsewhere.
为什么是这个答案
“Because the lab was closed” is a dependent clause joined to an independent clause, which makes A complex. B, C and D join only independent clauses, so they are compound.
答案
D · Because the lab was closed, the samples were sent elsewhere.
11.人体解剖学
答案: A · 肠系膜上静脉和脾静脉
为什么是这个答案
门静脉在胰颈后方由肠系膜上静脉和脾静脉汇合而成。它把富含营养物质的血液送到肝脏。
答案
A · 肠系膜上静脉和脾静脉
12.人体解剖学
答案: D · 前交叉韧带
为什么是这个答案
前交叉韧带限制胫骨前移;前抽屉试验或拉赫曼试验阳性提示前交叉韧带撕裂。
答案
D · 前交叉韧带
13.人体生理学
答案: A · 心室充盈增加时,每搏输出量增加
为什么是这个答案
舒张末期容积越大,心肌被拉伸得越多,收缩力和每搏输出量就越大,从而使输出与静脉回流相匹配。
答案
A · 心室充盈增加时,每搏输出量增加
14.人体生理学
答案: A · ADH 释放缺乏(中枢性尿崩症)
为什么是这个答案
没有 ADH,集合管对水保持不通透,因此产生稀释的尿液,患者丢失自由水,使血钠升高。
答案
A · ADH 释放缺乏(中枢性尿崩症)
15.护理入学考试生物
答案: B · Precise but not accurate
为什么是这个答案
The readings are close to each other, so they are precise, but they are all far from the true value, so they are not accurate. This suggests the thermometer needs calibrating.
答案
B · Precise but not accurate
16.护理入学考试生物
答案: B · Their heads are hydrophilic and their tails are hydrophobic
为什么是这个答案
The phosphate heads are attracted to water, while the fatty acid tails avoid it. In water they form a bilayer with the heads facing the watery fluid on both sides and the tails hidden in the middle.
答案
B · Their heads are hydrophilic and their tails are hydrophobic
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: C · The partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the alveoli than in the blood
为什么是这个答案
Each gas diffuses down its own partial pressure gradient. Alveolar air has a higher oxygen partial pressure than blood arriving at the lungs, so O₂ diffuses in, while CO₂ diffuses the other way.
答案
C · The partial pressure of oxygen is higher in the alveoli than in the blood
18.护理入学考试化学
答案: B · 9.03 × 10²³
为什么是这个答案
0.5 mol × 6.02 × 10²³ = 3.01 × 10²³ molecules. Each has 3 atoms, so 3 × 3.01 × 10²³ = 9.03 × 10²³ atoms.