“Many people think bats are blind. In fact, bats can see, and many species also use echolocation, sending out sounds and listening for the echoes, to find their way in the dark.” What is echolocation, according to the passage?
ASmelling food from far away
BFlying in large groups at night
CUsing echoes of sounds to find the way
DSeeing clearly in complete darkness
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
“Patients must not eat or drink after midnight before surgery. Small sips of water to take morning medicines are allowed only if the surgeon has agreed.” A patient’s surgeon has agreed. What may the patient do at 7 a.m.?
AHave a light breakfast and a cup of tea
BDrink a full glass of juice with medicines
CTake morning medicines with a small sip of water
DEat a small snack but drink nothing
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse explained the procedure before starting.”
AThe cost of the hospital stay
BThe list of medicines prescribed
CThe steps of a test or treatment
DThe name of the patient’s illness
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse saw exudate on the wound dressing.”
AA dry crust of old blood
BSticky glue left behind by the adhesive tape
CFlakes of dead skin
DFluid that has leaked out of the tissues
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Which time is written correctly in American style?
A7.30 a.m.
B7;30 a.m.
C7:30 a.m.
D7,30 a.m.
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
Choose the correct verb for formal writing: “She is one of those nurses who ___ never late.”
Aare
Bwas
Cis
Dhas been
11.人体解剖学中等
哪条动脉供应左心室前壁的大部分和室间隔的前部?
A左前降支
B回旋支
C右冠状动脉
D后降支
12.人体解剖学困难
肘部内上髁受伤后,患者小指麻木,手指外展无力。受累的是哪条神经?
A肌皮神经
B桡神经
C尺神经
D正中神经
13.人体生理学中等
胃中哪种细胞分泌盐酸?
A主细胞
B壁细胞
CG 细胞
D杯状细胞
14.人体生理学困难
在高海拔地区,数天至数周内会出现哪种适应?
A肾脏碳酸氢盐潴留增加
B降低通气以节约氧气
C血细胞比容下降
D促红细胞生成素水平升高,红细胞增多
15.护理入学考试生物中等
Why are G–C base pairs held together more strongly than A–T pairs?
AG and C are both purines, so they fit more tightly
BA–T pairs are found only in RNA
CG–C pairs form three hydrogen bonds, and A–T pairs form two
DG–C pairs are joined by strong covalent bonds instead of hydrogen bonds
16.护理入学考试生物困难
A man has Klinefelter syndrome (XXY). Which error most likely produced it?
AA frameshift mutation in one of the genes on the father's Y chromosome
BExtra mitosis in the zygote after fertilisation
CNondisjunction of the sex chromosomes during meiosis in a parent
DCrossing over between chromosome 21 and the X chromosome
17.护理入学考试化学中等
How does a catalyst speed up a reaction?
AIt raises the temperature of the reactants so they move faster
BIt makes the reaction more exothermic
CIt adds extra reactant to the mixture
DIt provides a different pathway with a lower activation energy
18.护理入学考试化学困难
A compound is 40% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen and 53.3% oxygen by mass (C = 12, H = 1, O = 16). What is its empirical formula?
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
比例
1.25/5 = x/22
交叉相乘并求解
5·x = 27.5
x = 27.5/5 = 5.5 杯
答案
x = 5.5 杯
3.护理数学与单位换算
答案: x = 15 mL
取整:看舍入位后面的那个数字:5 或更大则进位,4 或更小则保持原数字不变。只对最终答案取整,绝不对中间步骤取整。典型的考试规则:1 mL 或以上的体积取到十分位,低于 1 mL 的体积取到百分位,滴速取整到整滴,体重取到一位小数;务必遵循题目所规定的规则。
十分位位上的数字
14.9582 → 9
只看下一位数字
14.9582 → 5
5 大于或等于 5,所以 9 进一。
后面的数字(82)不考虑:只取整一次,不要逐位取整。
取整
x = 15 mL
答案
x = 15 mL
4.护理数学与单位换算
答案: N = 3
量纲分析:先写出已知量,再乘以写成分数形式的换算系数(例如 60 min/1 h 或 1 mg/1000 mcg),使每个不需要的单位在分子和分母各出现一次并相互约去。只剩下所求单位时再计算。使用题目给出的等量关系,只对最终答案取整。
总体积
15 mL × 4 × 7 = 420 mL
瓶数
420/150 = 2.8 → N = 3
答案
N = 3
5.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: C · Using echoes of sounds to find the way
为什么是这个答案
The passage explains echolocation as sending out sounds and listening for the echoes to find the way in the dark.
答案
C · Using echoes of sounds to find the way
6.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: C · Take morning medicines with a small sip of water
为什么是这个答案
Nothing may be eaten or drunk after midnight, except small sips of water for medicines when the surgeon agrees. This patient has that agreement.
答案
C · Take morning medicines with a small sip of water
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: C · The steps of a test or treatment
为什么是这个答案
A procedure is a set of actions done in a certain order, such as a test, treatment or operation.
答案
C · The steps of a test or treatment
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: D · Fluid that has leaked out of the tissues
为什么是这个答案
Exudate is fluid that seeps out of blood vessels or tissues, often into a wound, during inflammation.
答案
D · Fluid that has leaked out of the tissues
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: C · 7:30 a.m.
为什么是这个答案
In American style, a colon separates the hour from the minutes: 7:30 a.m. British style often uses a full stop instead (7.30 a.m.), so D would be accepted there.
答案
C · 7:30 a.m.
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: A · are
为什么是这个答案
“Who” refers to “those nurses”, not to “one”, so the verb in the clause is plural: “nurses who are never late”.
答案
A · are
11.人体解剖学
答案: A · 左前降支
为什么是这个答案
左前降支(前室间支)供应左心室前壁和室间隔前三分之二。它的阻塞会导致前壁梗死。
答案
A · 左前降支
12.人体解剖学
答案: C · 尺神经
为什么是这个答案
尺神经经过内上髁后方。它支配包括骨间肌在内的大部分手内在肌,以及小指的皮肤。
答案
C · 尺神经
13.人体生理学
答案: B · 壁细胞
为什么是这个答案
壁细胞分泌 HCl 和内因子。主细胞分泌胃蛋白酶原,G 细胞分泌胃泌素。
答案
B · 壁细胞
14.人体生理学
答案: D · 促红细胞生成素水平升高,红细胞增多
为什么是这个答案
缺氧刺激 EPO 和红细胞生成,提高携氧能力。过度通气引起碱中毒,肾脏通过排泄碳酸氢盐进行代偿。
答案
D · 促红细胞生成素水平升高,红细胞增多
15.护理入学考试生物
答案: C · G–C pairs form three hydrogen bonds, and A–T pairs form two
为什么是这个答案
G–C pairs form three hydrogen bonds and A–T pairs form two. DNA rich in G–C therefore needs more energy (a higher temperature) to separate the strands.
答案
C · G–C pairs form three hydrogen bonds, and A–T pairs form two
16.护理入学考试生物
答案: C · Nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes during meiosis in a parent
为什么是这个答案
An extra whole chromosome usually comes from nondisjunction, when chromosomes fail to separate in meiosis. For example, an XY sperm fertilising an X egg, or an XX egg fertilised by a Y sperm, gives XXY.
答案
C · Nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes during meiosis in a parent
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: D · It provides a different pathway with a lower activation energy
为什么是这个答案
A catalyst offers an alternative route with a lower activation energy, so more collisions succeed. It does not change the energy of reactants or products and is not used up.
答案
D · It provides a different pathway with a lower activation energy
18.护理入学考试化学
答案: C · CH₂O
为什么是这个答案
In 100 g: C = 40 ÷ 12 ≈ 3.33 mol, H = 6.7 ÷ 1 = 6.7 mol, O = 53.3 ÷ 16 ≈ 3.33 mol. Dividing by 3.33 gives 1 : 2 : 1, so CH₂O.