练习题(虚构数值,不作为临床指导)。 一个班次中,患者摄入了4 fl oz / 果汁, 2 杯 / 茶, 3 tsp / 止咳糖浆。按给出的等量关系,求以 mL 表示的口服总摄入量V。
1 fl oz = 30 mL1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL1 tsp = 5 mL
V = mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)中等
At the start of the shift, the nurse counted the patient’s tablets: 30. At the end of the shift, there were 27. The patient takes one tablet three times a day, and all doses were given on time during the shift. What can you conclude?
ASome tablets are missing from the container.
BThe count matches three doses given during the shift.
CThe patient refused all three doses offered during the shift.
DThe patient took six tablets during the shift.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
Passage A: “The museum should be free so everyone can enjoy it.” Passage B: “If the museum is free, it may not have money to care for its collection.” What concern does Passage B raise?
AThe quality of the museum’s café
BFunding for upkeep of the collection
CThe museum’s opening hours on Sundays
DToo many visitors breaking the rules
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The clinic offers flexible appointment times.”
AAble to be changed
BVery short
CFixed and strict
DVery long
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
Which word is closest in meaning to alleviate?
AWorsen
BRelieve
CConceal
DPostpone
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Choose the correct verb: “The scissors ___ on the tray.”
Aare
Bhas been
Cis
Dwas
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
What is the function of the underlined clause? “What the doctor said surprised everyone.”
AAn adjective clause describing “doctor”
BA noun clause acting as the subject
CAn adverb clause showing time
DAn independent clause
11.人体解剖学中等
枕骨大孔位于颅骨的哪块骨上?
A枕骨
B蝶骨
C颞骨
D顶骨
12.人体解剖学困难
胸导管通常在哪里把淋巴注入血液?
A右锁骨下静脉与右颈内静脉的汇合处
B肾水平的下腔静脉
C左锁骨下静脉与左颈内静脉的汇合处
D直接注入右心房
13.人体生理学中等
哪种激素增加肾集合管对水的重吸收?
A心房钠尿肽
B甲状旁腺激素
C抗利尿激素(ADH)
D醛固酮
14.人体生理学困难
一个健康人躺着后迅速站起。哪个反射能防止晕厥?
A化学感受器反射使呼吸加快并提高动脉血氧水平
B压力感受器反射使心率加快、血管收缩
CBainbridge 反射使心率减慢
DADH 释放立即使血容量加倍
15.护理入学考试生物中等
Salivary amylase begins the digestion of which nutrient in the mouth?
AProtein
BStarch
CCellulose
DFat
16.护理入学考试生物困难
Some snakes and whales have tiny remains of hip bones that are not used for walking. What do these structures suggest?
AThey were caused by a recent mutation
BThey will grow legs in the future
CTheir ancestors had legs
DThe bones are needed for swimming
17.护理入学考试化学中等
When a nucleus emits a beta particle, how do its mass number and atomic number change?
AMass number stays the same and atomic number rises by 1
BMass number rises by 1 and atomic number stays the same
CBoth fall by 1
DMass number falls by 4 and atomic number falls by 2
18.护理入学考试化学困难
What is (8 × 10⁶) ÷ (2 × 10⁻²)?
A16 × 10⁴
B4 × 10⁸
C4 × 10⁻¹²
D4 × 10⁴
3溶液
1.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: x = 11
解方程:对等式两边做同样的操作,直到 x 单独在一边。按相反的顺序撤销运算:先撤销加法或减法,再撤销乘法或除法。用分配律 a(x + b) = ax + ab 去掉括号,并把含 x 的项合并到一边。把答案代回去检验。
两边都除以 9(或者先展开括号)。
x + 2 = 13
两边都减去 2。
x = 11
校核
9·(11 + 2) = 117
答案
x = 11
2.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: v = 60 mph
速率与比例尺:速度 = 距离 ÷ 时间,时间要用答案所需的单位(2 h 15 min = 2.25 h,因为 15 min = 15/60 h)。地图比例尺是一个比例:地图上的 1 cm 代表地面上的固定距离,所以把地图距离乘以它。
以小时计的时间
4 + 30/60 = 4.5 h
速率
v = 270/4.5 = 60 mph
答案
v = 60 mph
3.护理数学与单位换算
答案: x = 135.2 kg
取整:看舍入位后面的那个数字:5 或更大则进位,4 或更小则保持原数字不变。只对最终答案取整,绝不对中间步骤取整。典型的考试规则:1 mL 或以上的体积取到十分位,低于 1 mL 的体积取到百分位,滴速取整到整滴,体重取到一位小数;务必遵循题目所规定的规则。
十分位位上的数字
135.1904 → 1
只看下一位数字
135.1904 → 9
9 大于或等于 5,所以 1 进一。
后面的数字(04)不考虑:只取整一次,不要逐位取整。
取整
x = 135.2 kg
答案
x = 135.2 kg
4.护理数学与单位换算
答案: V = 615 mL
家用计量和体重:护理考试使用取整的等量关系:1 茶匙(tsp)= 5 mL,1 汤匙(tbsp)= 15 mL = 3 tsp,1 液量盎司(fl oz)= 30 mL = 2 tbsp,1 杯 = 8 fl oz = 240 mL。体重方面,1 kg = 2.2 lb,1 lb = 16 oz;长度方面,1 英寸 = 2.54 cm。设置换算时,要让你不需要的单位相互约去。
每一项的 mL 数
4 fl oz = 4·30 = 120 mL
2 杯 = 2·240 = 480 mL
3 tsp = 3·5 = 15 mL
相加
V = 120 + 480 + 15 = 615 mL
答案
V = 615 mL
5.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: B · The count matches three doses given during the shift.
为什么是这个答案
30 − 27 = 3 tablets, which matches three doses given during the shift, so the count is correct.
答案
B · The count matches three doses given during the shift.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)
答案: B · Funding for upkeep of the collection
为什么是这个答案
Passage B worries that without ticket income the museum might lack money to look after its collection.
答案
B · Funding for upkeep of the collection
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: A · Able to be changed
为什么是这个答案
Flexible means able to change or adapt easily.
答案
A · Able to be changed
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)
答案: B · Relieve
为什么是这个答案
To alleviate is to make suffering or a problem less severe, which is to relieve it.
答案
B · Relieve
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: A · are
为什么是这个答案
Nouns such as scissors, jeans and glasses (for eyes) are plural in form and take a plural verb.
答案
A · are
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)
答案: B · A noun clause acting as the subject
为什么是这个答案
The whole clause “What the doctor said” is the thing that surprised everyone, so it works as a noun and is the subject of “surprised”.
Salivary amylase breaks starch into smaller sugars such as maltose, which is why chewed bread tastes sweeter. Pancreatic amylase continues the process in the small intestine.
答案
B · Starch
16.护理入学考试生物
答案: C · Their ancestors had legs
为什么是这个答案
Vestigial structures are reduced remnants of features that were functional in ancestors. Small hip bones in snakes and whales are evidence that they evolved from four-legged ancestors.
答案
C · Their ancestors had legs
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: A · Mass number stays the same and atomic number rises by 1
为什么是这个答案
In beta decay a neutron becomes a proton, so the atomic number rises by 1. The total of protons plus neutrons is unchanged, so the mass number stays the same.
答案
A · Mass number stays the same and atomic number rises by 1
18.护理入学考试化学
答案: B · 4 × 10⁸
为什么是这个答案
8 ÷ 2 = 4, and 10⁶ ÷ 10⁻² = 10⁶⁻⁽⁻²⁾ = 10⁸. So the answer is 4 × 10⁸. Subtracting a negative exponent adds to it.