Wetlands such as marshes and swamps act like natural sponges. They soak up rainwater and release it slowly, which reduces flooding downstream. They also filter pollution from the water. Which sentence best summarises the passage?
AWetlands are found only near the ocean.
BSwamps are more useful than marshes.
CWetlands reduce flooding and clean water.
DWetlands cause flooding after heavy rain.
6.阅读理解(入学考试)困难
“Many people think nurses simply follow doctors’ orders. In reality, nurses assess patients, plan care, teach families and often notice early warning signs before anyone else.” What is the author’s main purpose?
ATo argue that doctors are unnecessary
BTo describe how to become a nurse
CTo challenge a narrow view of nursing
DTo explain how doctors give orders
7.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)中等
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient was incontinent of urine during the night.”
APassing very large amounts of it at night
BFeeling pain when passing it
CUnable to pass it at all
DUnable to control the passing of it
8.医疗保健词汇(入学考试)困难
Choose the meaning of the words in bold: “On review the patient was afebrile and normotensive.”
AA fever, and a high blood pressure reading
BNo fever, and normal blood pressure
CA fever, and normal blood pressure
DNo fever, and low blood pressure
9.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)中等
Choose the correct word: “___ been a long day for the staff.”
AIt’s
BIt
CIts’
DIts
10.英语语法与语言运用(入学考试)困难
Which sentence contains an error in subject–verb agreement?
AThe album of photos is poor.
BEach photo in the album is poor.
CThe photos in the album are poor.
DThe quality of the photos are poor.
11.人体解剖学中等
膀胱内衬哪种上皮?
A假复层柱状上皮
B单层鳞状上皮
C变移上皮(尿路上皮)
D单层柱状上皮
12.人体解剖学困难
腰椎穿刺时,穿刺针进入硬膜外隙之前最后穿过的是哪条韧带?
A后纵韧带
B棘间韧带
C黄韧带
D棘上韧带
13.人体生理学中等
维生素 D 活化的最后一步(1α-羟化)在哪里进行?
A肝脏
B小肠
C皮肤
D肾脏
14.人体生理学困难
颅脑损伤后,一名患者排出大量极稀的尿液,血钠升高。最可能的原因是什么?
A醛固酮过多
BADH 释放过多(SIADH)
C未控制的糖尿病
DADH 释放缺乏(中枢性尿崩症)
15.护理入学考试生物中等
A patient's blood type is B positive. What does this mean?
ATheir red cells carry the A antigen and no RhD antigen
BTheir red cells carry the B antigen and the RhD antigen
CTheir plasma contains anti-B antibodies
DTheir red cells carry no antigens at all
16.护理入学考试生物困难
Why are modified viruses often used to deliver genes in gene therapy?
AViruses produce antibodies that fix faulty genes
BViruses naturally insert their genetic material into host cells
CViruses can reproduce without a host cell
DViruses are larger than human cells, so they can carry many genes
17.护理入学考试化学中等
Glucose has the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆. What is its empirical formula?
AC₂H₄O₂
BCH₂O
CC₆H₁₂O₆
DCHO
18.护理入学考试化学困难
CO₂ in blood forms carbonic acid: CO₂ + H₂O ⇌ H₂CO₃ ⇌ H⁺ + HCO₃⁻. An anxious patient hyperventilates and breathes off extra CO₂. What happens to blood pH?
AIt stays exactly 7.40, because CO₂ does not affect pH
BIt rises, because less CO₂ means fewer H⁺ ions
CIt falls, because less CO₂ means more H⁺ ions
DIt falls, because oxygen is an acid
3溶液
1.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: A = 32 ft²
周长、面积和体积:周长是围绕图形一周的长度(长方形:2l + 2w)。面积以平方单位计量:长方形 l × w,三角形 ½ × 底 × 高,圆 π·r²。圆的周长是 π·d = 2π·r。体积以立方单位计量:长方体 l × w × h,圆柱 π·r²·h。使用题目给出的 π 值。
面积
A = ½ × 4 × 16 = 32 ft²
答案
A = 32 ft²
2.护理预科数学(入学考试)
答案: x = 14 年
应用题:给未知数命名(例如 x = 月数),把已知事实写成一个方程,解出它,并检查答案在题目情境中是否合理。固定费用加上每单位的费率,得到总额 = 费用 + 费率 × 单位数。
维生素 D 在皮肤中合成或从食物中摄入,在肝脏中羟化,然后在肾脏中活化为骨化三醇。因此肾衰竭会导致维生素 D 缺乏。
答案
D · 肾脏
14.人体生理学
答案: D · ADH 释放缺乏(中枢性尿崩症)
为什么是这个答案
没有 ADH,集合管对水保持不通透,因此产生稀释的尿液,患者丢失自由水,使血钠升高。
答案
D · ADH 释放缺乏(中枢性尿崩症)
15.护理入学考试生物
答案: B · Their red cells carry the B antigen and the RhD antigen
为什么是这个答案
Type B means the B antigen is on the red cells (and anti-A antibodies are in the plasma). Positive means the RhD antigen is also present.
答案
B · Their red cells carry the B antigen and the RhD antigen
16.护理入学考试生物
答案: B · Viruses naturally insert their genetic material into host cells
为什么是这个答案
Viruses have evolved to enter cells and deliver nucleic acid. Scientists remove the genes that cause disease and add the therapeutic gene, so the virus acts as a delivery vehicle (a vector).
答案
B · Viruses naturally insert their genetic material into host cells
17.护理入学考试化学
答案: B · CH₂O
为什么是这个答案
Dividing 6, 12 and 6 by 6 gives 1 : 2 : 1, so the empirical formula is CH₂O. C₂H₄O₂ has the right ratio but is not the simplest.
答案
B · CH₂O
18.护理入学考试化学
答案: B · It rises, because less CO₂ means fewer H⁺ ions
为什么是这个答案
Breathing off CO₂ shifts the equilibrium to the left, using up H⁺ ions. Lower [H⁺] means a higher pH, so the patient may develop respiratory alkalosis.
答案
B · It rises, because less CO₂ means fewer H⁺ ions