精神科护理
方法
- 判断是否存在即时风险:自杀、暴力、药物急症或躯体疾病。
- 先保障安全:观察、移除危险物品、缓和局面、停用有害药物、寻求帮助。
- 选择治疗性回应:承认感受、陈述现实,避免虚假的安慰和“为什么”式提问。
- 尊重权利:采用限制最少的方案,知情同意,以及保密及其限度。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 6 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
除血锂水平外,长期锂盐治疗还需定期监测哪些检查?
Six weeks after losing his job, a man feels low and worried and is sleeping a little less, but he still enjoys time with his children and does not meet the criteria for major depression. Which diagnosis fits best?
哪种人格障碍的特点是普遍地漠视他人权利?
按固定顺序提出一组固定问题以得出诊断的访谈称为:
硝酸甘油(GTN)如何缓解心绞痛?
A toddler swallowed many of his mother's iron tablets. He has vomiting and bloody diarrhoea. Which drug may be used to bind iron?
答案: A · 肾功能和甲状腺功能
锂盐可引起甲状腺功能减退并降低肾功能(包括肾性尿崩症),因此需定期检查肾功能、甲状腺功能、血钙和体重。
答案: C · Adjustment disorder with depressed mood
Adjustment disorder is a distressing reaction to a stressor that starts within 3 months and does not meet the criteria for another disorder, such as major depression. It usually resolves within 6 months after the stressor or its consequences end.
答案: C · 反社会型人格障碍
反社会型人格障碍包括欺骗、冲动、攻击性和缺乏悔意,并在童年有品行障碍的证据。
答案: C · 结构化临床访谈
SCID 等结构化访谈提出与诊断标准相对应的标准问题,比非结构化访谈具有更高的信度。
答案: B · 它释放一氧化氮,主要扩张静脉并减轻心脏负荷
GTN 转化为一氧化氮,通过 cGMP 使血管平滑肌松弛。静脉扩张降低前负荷,心脏做功减少,耗氧量降低。
答案: D · Deferoxamine (desferrioxamine)
Iron poisoning can cause GI bleeding, shock, metabolic acidosis and liver failure. Deferoxamine chelates iron and is used in serious poisoning; activated charcoal does not bind iron.
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