精神科护理
方法
- 判断是否存在即时风险:自杀、暴力、药物急症或躯体疾病。
- 先保障安全:观察、移除危险物品、缓和局面、停用有害药物、寻求帮助。
- 选择治疗性回应:承认感受、陈述现实,避免虚假的安慰和“为什么”式提问。
- 尊重权利:采用限制最少的方案,知情同意,以及保密及其限度。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 6 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
When is the risk of suicide particularly high for patients after psychiatric inpatient care?
A new nurse asks why the therapeutic relationship is different from a social relationship. Which statement is correct?
一名女性三年来大部分日子里一天中的大部分时间都情绪低落,但程度未达到重性抑郁。哪种 DSM-5 诊断最合适?
一名男子说一位著名歌手暗恋他,并通过她的歌曲向他发送暗语。除此之外,他的思维和行为都正常,也没有幻觉。哪种诊断最合适?
Which drug is used for torsades de pointes?
为什么庆大霉素的给药需要监测血药浓度?
答案: A · In the first weeks after discharge
The period shortly after discharge carries a high risk of suicide. Early follow-up, a safety plan and clear crisis contacts help bridge the transition.
答案: C · It is goal-directed and focused on the patient's needs, with the nurse responsible for keeping boundaries
A therapeutic relationship has a clear purpose, focuses on the patient's needs and has a planned end. The nurse, not the patient, is responsible for keeping professional boundaries.
答案: D · 持续性抑郁障碍(心境恶劣)
成人持续性抑郁障碍要求抑郁心境至少持续两年,并伴有食欲差、精力不足或绝望感等其他症状。
答案: B · 妄想障碍,钟情型
妄想障碍是存在一种或多种妄想至少一个月,但不符合精神分裂症的标准,且除妄想外功能没有明显受损。钟情妄想是认为另一个人爱上了自己。
答案: A · Intravenous magnesium sulfate
IV magnesium is first-line for torsades de pointes, even when serum magnesium is normal. QT-prolonging drugs are stopped and potassium is corrected.
答案: D · 它有肾毒性和耳毒性,且治疗指数窄
庆大霉素等氨基糖苷类可损伤肾脏和内耳。它们经肾清除,肾功能受损时浓度升高,因此需要监测。
ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing