精神科护理
方法
- 判断是否存在即时风险:自杀、暴力、药物急症或躯体疾病。
- 先保障安全:观察、移除危险物品、缓和局面、停用有害药物、寻求帮助。
- 选择治疗性回应:承认感受、陈述现实,避免虚假的安慰和“为什么”式提问。
- 尊重权利:采用限制最少的方案,知情同意,以及保密及其限度。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 6 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
Wernicke 脑病的经典三联征是什么?
A patient who used methamphetamine heavily for weeks stopped 2 days ago. He sleeps most of the day, is very low and says life is pointless. What is the priority?
正念认知疗法(MBCT)证据最充分的用途是:
一名自称听到"砰"(thud)一词的男子被收入医院,之后表现正常。工作人员把他记笔记的行为记录为"从事书写行为"。在罗森汉的研究中,这说明了什么?
Why should NSAIDs be used with caution in some people with asthma?
A patient's record shows anaphylaxis to penicillin. Amoxicillin has been prescribed. What should the nurse do?
答案: C · 意识模糊、共济失调和眼球运动异常
只有部分患者表现出完整的三联征,因此对任何有风险的人都应给予硫胺素。如不治疗,可发展为 Korsakoff 综合征。
答案: C · Assess his suicide risk
Stimulant withdrawal can cause profound depression, fatigue, hypersomnia and suicidal thoughts. Suicide risk assessment and close observation are the priorities.
答案: A · 预防复发性抑郁患者的复发
MBCT 把正念练习与认知疗法相结合。试验表明,它能减少既往有三次或以上抑郁发作者的复发。
答案: C · 一旦贴上标签,正常行为往往会被解释为障碍的表现
罗森汉认为,"精神分裂症患者"这个标签使工作人员把普通行为看成病态。斯皮策等批评者认为,这项研究并未证明诊断是无效的。
答案: C · They can trigger bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthma
In aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, COX inhibition increases leukotriene production, causing bronchospasm. These patients should avoid aspirin and other non-selective NSAIDs.
答案: B · Withhold it and contact the prescriber, as amoxicillin is a penicillin
Amoxicillin is a penicillin, so it must not be given to someone with penicillin anaphylaxis. The nurse holds the dose, informs the prescriber and makes sure the allergy is clearly recorded.
ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing