NCLEX 风格的优先排序与委派：速成包

A nurse cannot read part of a medication order. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the usual dose of the drug the nurse thinks was meant
2. BAsk another nurse to guess what the order most likely says, then give it
3. CSkip the drug and not tell anyone until the next ward round
4. DContact the prescriber to clarify the order before giving the drug

A patient has a chest drain for a pneumothorax. The nurse sees constant bubbling in the water-seal chamber. What does this most likely mean?

1. AThe lung has fully re-expanded, so the drain is ready to come out
2. BThe suction is set too low and needs to be turned up
3. CAn air leak in the patient or the system that needs checking
4. DThe drain is working normally and no action is needed

Which part of a sterile surgical gown is considered sterile once it is on?

1. AOnly the back of the gown, which nobody touches
2. BThe front from the neck down to the knees
3. CThe whole gown, including the back, the collar and the area below the waist
4. DThe front from chest to the level of the sterile field, and the sleeves

While preparing an IV medication, a nurse sees that the syringe tip touched the medication tray after the cap came off. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the dose anyway, because the medication tray was cleaned this morning
2. BBlow on the tip to remove any dust
3. CDiscard the syringe and prepare the dose again with new equipment
4. DWipe the tip with an alcohol swab and give the dose

Why is a baseline platelet count taken before starting heparin therapy?

1. ABecause heparin increases the platelet count to dangerous levels
2. BSo a later fall from heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is detected
3. CBecause heparin is given at a dose based on the platelet count
4. DSo that the INR can be calculated from the platelet count later

A patient with severe sepsis is oozing blood from IV sites. Platelets 40 × 10³/µL, fibrinogen low, D-dimer very high, PT and aPTT both prolonged. Which condition fits best?

1. AHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
2. BDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
3. CHemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency)
4. DImmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Why is an urgent brain scan needed before thrombolysis for a suspected stroke?

1. ATo measure the size of the ventricles
2. BTo check for brain tumours only
3. CTo rule out bleeding in the brain
4. DTo confirm the patient's age

Why are early surgery and early mobilisation recommended for older patients with a hip fracture?

1. AThey reduce complications such as pneumonia, pressure ulcers and delirium
2. BThey mainly reduce the cost of the operation
3. CThey allow the bone to heal fully without any need for pain relief
4. DThey make physiotherapy and rehabilitation unnecessary after discharge

After an arterial blood gas sample is taken from the radial artery, what should the nurse do?

1. ABend the wrist sharply upwards to stop the bleeding
2. BLeave the site uncovered without pressure
3. CApply firm pressure to the site for several minutes
4. DMassage the site to help the bruising fade

A patient with life-threatening asthma has not responded to repeated nebulised salbutamol (albuterol), ipratropium and steroids. Which drug is commonly given intravenously next?

1. AMagnesium sulfate
2. BIntravenous furosemide
3. CMorphine
4. DMetoprolol

关于高渗高血糖状态（HHS），下列哪项说法正确？

1. A主要见于 1 型糖尿病幼儿
2. B主要影响老年 2 型糖尿病患者，数天内发展
3. C数分钟内发生，比 DKA 危险性小
4. D总是引起血酮升高和严重代谢性酸中毒

A patient had a witnessed tonic-clonic seizure. Afterwards their left arm is weak, and the weakness improves over the next few hours. What is the best interpretation?

1. ACertainly a stroke, so the seizure can be ignored
2. BA sign that the patient is pretending to be weak
3. CNormal postictal tiredness that needs no further assessment or imaging at all
4. DPossible postictal (Todd's) paresis, but a stroke must still be excluded

Why is the Lund and Browder chart preferred to the rule of nines for children?

1. AIt is faster to use than any other method of estimation
2. BIt is used only for burns of the hands
3. CIt adjusts for body proportions that change with age
4. DIt counts superficial burns as well

A patient taking IV antibiotics has three unexplained loose stools in 24 hours. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive loperamide after each loose stool and continue as usual
2. BWait two days to see if the diarrhoea settles
3. CIsolate the patient and send a stool sample for testing
4. DMove the patient to a bay with other patients to watch them closely