剂量计算:给药量等于医嘱剂量除以现有药物的规格,再乘以该规格对应的量:给药量 = (医嘱剂量/储备规格) × 储备体积。始终统一单位(先把 g 换成 mg,mg 换成 mcg),并检查答案是否合理。
每日总量
2·25 = 50 mg
每次剂量
D = 50/2 = 25 mg
答案
D = 25 mg
4.剂量计算
答案: V = 4.2 mL
Dose calculation: the amount to give equals what is prescribed divided by what you have, times the quantity it comes in: amount = (desired dose/stock strength) × stock volume. Always keep the units the same (convert g to mg, mg to mcg first) and check that the answer is sensible.
体重 (kg)
114.4/2.2 = 52 kg
剂量
2·52 = 104 mg
体积
V = (104/125)·5 = 4.16 ≈ 4.2 mL
答案
V = 4.2 mL
5.静脉输液速度
答案: V = 900 mL
Infusion rates: a pump is set in mL/h = volume/time in hours. A gravity drip is counted in drops per minute: gtt/min = volume (mL) × drop factor (gtt/mL)/time (min). The drop factor is printed on the tubing package: macrodrip sets deliver 10, 15 or 20 gtt/mL (blood sets often 10 gtt/mL in the US, 15 in the UK) and microdrip sets 60 gtt/mL. Always use the drop factor the question or package gives.
速度(mL/h)
50·60/20 = 150 mL/h
体积
V = 150·6 = 900 mL
答案
V = 900 mL
6.静脉输液速度
答案: D = 20 mcg/min
Dose-based infusions: concentration = amount of drug in the bag/bag volume. Pump rate (mL/h) = dose per hour/concentration, and dose per hour = mL/h × concentration. Convert per-minute doses to per-hour (× 60) and keep the mass units the same (1 g = 1000 mg, 1 mg = 1000 mcg).