练习题(虚构数值,不作为临床指导)。 一名成人体重 90 kg,身高 153 cm。计算 BMI 并点击 WHO 体重分类。
90 kg153 cm
1体重过轻
2健康体重
3超重
4肥胖 I 级
5肥胖 II 级
6肥胖 III 级
7.内外科护理:心血管与呼吸中等
Which side effect is particularly common with verapamil?
AConstipation
BDiarrhoea
CHair loss
DDry cough
8.内外科护理:心血管与呼吸困难
The monitor shows a regular broad-complex tachycardia at 180/min. The patient is alert with BP 126/78 mmHg and no chest pain. What is the most appropriate plan?
AReassure the patient, as this is a normal rhythm
BStart chest compressions straight away and give a dose of IV adrenaline
CRecord a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic
DDeliver an unsynchronised shock immediately, before any other assessment
体质指数:BMI = 体重(kg)/身高(m)²,身高要先换算为米。使用磅和英寸时,BMI = 703 × 体重(lb)/身高(in)²。WHO 成人分类:低于 18.5 为体重过轻,18.5–24.9 为健康体重,25.0–29.9 为超重,30.0–34.9 为肥胖 I 级,35.0–39.9 为肥胖 II 级,40 及以上为肥胖 III 级。
BMI
BMI = 90/1.53² = 38.45
分类
肥胖 II 级
答案
肥胖 II 级
7.内外科护理:心血管与呼吸
答案: A · Constipation
为什么是这个答案
Verapamil is a rate-limiting calcium channel blocker that slows AV conduction. Constipation is its most common side effect. It can also cause bradycardia and should not be combined with beta-blockers without specialist care because of the risk of heart block.
答案
A · Constipation
8.内外科护理:心血管与呼吸
答案: C · Record a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic
为什么是这个答案
A broad-complex tachycardia is treated as ventricular tachycardia until proven otherwise. With a pulse and no adverse features (shock, syncope, chest pain or heart failure), a 12-lead ECG, electrolyte correction and drug treatment such as amiodarone are used, with expert help. Unstable patients need synchronised cardioversion; pulseless VT is defibrillated.
答案
C · Record a 12-lead ECG, call senior help and anticipate an antiarrhythmic