阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“Turn the oven off, then let the cake cool in the tin for ten minutes. After that, turn it out onto a wire rack to cool completely before icing.” What should be done just before the cake is iced?
Train timetable: trains leave Oak Street at 6:10, 6:40, 7:10 and 7:40 a.m. The journey to Central takes 35 minutes. A nurse’s shift at Central Hospital starts at 7:30 a.m., and it is a 5-minute walk from the station. Which is the latest train she can take and still arrive on time?
用运算顺序求 x 的值:x = 3² − 3 × (11 − 7) + 20。
计算 1 2/3 × 1 3/4。点击最简形式的答案。
心脏壁的哪一层含有心肌?
惯用右手的人发生左侧大脑中动脉卒中,最可能出现:
在膝跳反射中叩击髌腱时,哪种感受器受到刺激?
一名年轻女性的肌无力在反复使用后加重,使用乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂后改善。最可能的机制是什么?
饱和脂肪与不饱和脂肪有何不同?
Bacteria from hot springs have enzymes that work best at about 80 °C, while most human enzymes work best near 37 °C. What is the best explanation?
What is the oxidation number of oxygen in most of its compounds?
Marble chips react with hydrochloric acid, giving off CO₂. The gas is produced quickly at first, then more and more slowly. Why does the rate fall?
Choose the correct preposition: “The patient is allergic ___ penicillin.”
Which sentence is punctuated correctly with an essential clause?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The nurse stayed impartial during the family argument.”
What does the term osteomyelitis mean?
答案: B · Let it cool completely on a wire rack.
The cake must cool completely on a wire rack before it is iced. The ten minutes in the tin come earlier.
答案: A · The 6:40 train
The 6:40 train arrives at 7:15, plus a 5-minute walk gives 7:20, in time. The 7:10 train would arrive at 7:45, plus 5 minutes is 7:50, too late.
答案: x = 17
运算顺序(PEMDAS/BODMAS):先算括号里面的,然后算指数(乘方),再从左到右算乘法和除法,最后从左到右算加法和减法。乘法并不先于除法,加法也并不先于减法:每一对都按出现的先后顺序计算。括号里的负数平方时保留符号:(−3)² = 9,而 −3² = −9。
3² 表示 3 × 3,而不是 3 × 2。
答案: 2 11/12
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: A · 心肌层
心肌层是厚厚的中间肌层。心内膜衬于心腔内面,心外膜覆盖外表面。
答案: C · 右侧无力和失语
左侧大脑中动脉供应左侧运动皮层(右侧面部和手臂)以及布洛卡区和韦尼克区,因此典型表现是右侧偏瘫伴失语。
答案: D · 肌梭
叩击肌腱会牵拉股四头肌的肌梭。其传入纤维直接与运动神经元形成突触,通过单突触反射使肌肉收缩。
答案: A · 针对神经肌肉接头处乙酰胆碱受体的抗体
在重症肌无力中,自身抗体减少了有功能的乙酰胆碱受体数量。阻断乙酰胆碱酯酶可以留下更多 ACh 与剩余受体结合。
答案: A · 它们没有 C=C 双键,通常是固态
饱和脂肪酸只有单键,所以堆积紧密,呈固态(如黄油)。不饱和脂肪中的双键造成弯折,所以是油。
答案: A · Their enzymes have structures that stay stable at high temperatures
Each enzyme's optimum suits its environment. Enzymes from heat-loving microbes have extra bonds and interactions that keep their shape at high temperatures. One such enzyme is used in PCR.
答案: A · −2
Oxygen is assigned −2 in most compounds, such as H₂O and CO₂. Exceptions include peroxides like H₂O₂ (−1) and elemental O₂ (0).
答案: B · The acid concentration falls as it is used up, so collisions become less frequent
As the reaction proceeds, reactant particles are used up, so their concentration drops and successful collisions become less frequent. The reaction stops when the limiting reactant runs out.
答案: C · to
The fixed expression is “allergic to” something, just as the noun is “an allergy to”.
答案: C · The medication that she needs is out of stock.
“That she needs” identifies which medication is meant, so it is essential and is not set off with commas.
答案: C · Not taking sides
Impartial means fair and not favouring one side over another.
答案: B · Inflammation of bone and bone marrow
Osteomyelitis is inflammation of the bone and marrow, usually caused by infection.
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