阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“Dear residents, the lift (elevator) in Block A will be out of service from Monday to Wednesday. We apologise for the inconvenience. Residents who need help with heavy items may call the caretaker.” What is the main purpose of the message?
Visiting rules: “Children under 14 may visit only with an adult. No more than 2 visitors at the bedside. Visiting ends at 8 p.m.” A mother and her 12-year-old and 15-year-old children want to visit together at 7 p.m. Which rule would they break?
0.5 天有多少分钟 x?
一个食谱需要 1 2/3 杯面粉。你要做这个食谱的 2 1/2 倍。需要多少?点击最简形式的答案。
肘前哪条浅静脉最常用于静脉穿刺?
一位主动脉弓巨大动脉瘤患者出现声音嘶哑。最可能受压的是哪条神经?
肺活量是哪些肺容积之和?
一名患者服用大剂量泼尼松龙已一年。下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴处于什么状态?
Why is water good at dissolving salts and sugars?
Pasteur boiled broth in swan-neck flasks. The broth stayed clear until the neck was broken off, when it soon became cloudy. What did this show?
How does dissolving salt in water affect the water's boiling point?
A student tests whether water temperature affects how fast sugar dissolves. Which set of factors should be kept the same in every trial?
Choose the correct word: “She asked ___ the clinic was open on Sunday.”
Choose the correct verb for formal writing: “He talks as if he ___ the boss.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient’s respirations were 18 per minute.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The new policy will augment the number of nurses on night shifts.”
答案: B · To inform residents about the lift and offer help
The message tells residents the lift will be out of service and offers the caretaker’s help with heavy items.
答案: D · The limit of 2 visitors at the bedside
Three visitors would exceed the limit of 2. The 12-year-old is with an adult, and 7 p.m. is before visiting ends.
答案: x = 720 min
单位换算:乘以一个等于 1 的因子,写成能约去旧单位的形式:3 ft × 12 in/1 ft = 36 in。公制长度:1 km = 1000 m,1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm,1 cm = 10 mm。美制:1 ft = 12 in,1 yd = 3 ft,1 mi = 5280 ft;1 gal = 4 qt,1 qt = 2 pt,1 pt = 2 cups;1 ton = 2000 lb。时间:1 h = 60 min,1 min = 60 s,1 day = 24 h,1 week = 7 days。单位越小,数值越大。
答案: 4 1/6
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: D · 肘正中静脉
肘正中静脉在头静脉和贵要静脉之间斜穿肘窝。它位置表浅、管径大且较固定,因此容易穿刺。
答案: A · 左喉返神经
左喉返神经在动脉韧带旁勾绕主动脉弓下方。它支配大部分喉肌,因此受压会导致声音嘶哑。
答案: B · 潮气量、补吸气量和补呼气量
肺活量 = IRV + TV + ERV。它不包括始终留在肺内的残气量。
答案: A · ACTH 受到抑制,肾上腺皮质萎缩
外源性糖皮质激素抑制 CRH 和 ACTH,因此肾上腺皮质萎缩。突然停药可能引起肾上腺危象,所以要逐渐减量。
答案: D · Its molecules are polar
Water is polar: the oxygen side is slightly negative and the hydrogen side slightly positive. These charged ends surround ions and polar molecules and pull them into solution.
答案: C · Microbes come from the air, not from the broth itself
The curved neck let air in but trapped dust and microbes. Broth spoiled only when microbes could reach it, which disproved spontaneous generation and supported the idea that living things come from other living things.
答案: A · It raises the boiling point slightly
Dissolved solute lowers the vapour pressure, so a higher temperature is needed to boil. This boiling point elevation is a colligative property, like freezing point depression.
答案: C · The mass of sugar, the type of sugar, the volume of water and the amount of stirring
For a fair test, every factor except the independent variable (temperature) must be controlled. Otherwise a change in dissolving time could be caused by something else, such as more stirring or finer sugar.
答案: C · whether
“Whether” introduces alternatives or an indirect question. “Weather” refers to rain, sun and temperature.
答案: A · were
After “as if” or “as though” for an unreal situation, formal English uses the subjunctive “were” for all subjects.
答案: A · Breaths
Respirations are breaths; the respiratory rate is the number of breaths per minute.
答案: C · Increase
To augment is to make larger or add to.
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