阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“After the hospital put hand sanitiser by every bed, staff used it far more often, and infection rates on the ward fell.” What can be reasonably concluded?
“Unlike her older brother, who argued about everything, Mina listened carefully, asked questions and only then shared her view.” Which word best describes Mina?
计算 2 1/2 ÷ 1 1/2。点击最简形式的答案。
一个食谱说要在 170 °C 下烘烤。这个温度 T 是多少华氏度?
膀胱内衬哪种上皮?
肱骨外科颈骨折后,患者手臂外展不能超过约 15°,且肩外侧皮肤麻木。最可能损伤的是哪条神经?
肾上腺皮质在 ACTH 作用下释放哪种激素?
为什么 T1 以上的高位脊髓损伤患者有低血压风险?
下列哪项描述的是主动运输?
Finches on the Galápagos Islands have different beak shapes on islands with different foods. What is the best explanation?
How is 0.00045 written in scientific notation?
Cotton soaked in ammonia (NH₃) and cotton soaked in hydrogen chloride (HCl) are placed at opposite ends of a glass tube. A white ring of ammonium chloride forms closer to the HCl end. What does this show?
Choose the correct word: “The results were ___ than we hoped.”
Choose the correct verb: “If it rains tomorrow, we ___ the picnic.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “On a busy shift the nurse must prioritise patient care.”
Choose the word that best completes the sentence: “The new law will ___ the use of tobacco in all public buildings.”
答案: A · Easier access may have improved hand hygiene.
Placing sanitiser close by led to more frequent use, and infections fell. It is reasonable to say easier access may have helped, but not that it is the only way.
答案: C · Thoughtful
Listening carefully and asking questions before giving a view shows she is thoughtful. She does speak, so “silent” is wrong.
答案: 1 2/3
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: T = 338 °F
温标:°F = °C × 9/5 + 32,°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9。温度变化量的换算不需要 32,因为 32 只是平移零点:1 °C 的变化量等于 1.8 °F 的变化量。
答案: D · 变移上皮(尿路上皮)
膀胱扩张时,变移上皮的细胞可由圆形变为扁平,同时保持不透水。
答案: D · 腋神经
腋神经绕肱骨外科颈走行,支配三角肌和小圆肌以及肩外侧皮肤(“团徽”区)。
答案: B · 皮质醇
垂体前叶的 ACTH 刺激束状带释放皮质醇。肾上腺素来自肾上腺髓质。
答案: D · 通往血管和心脏的交感神经输出被切断
交感输出在 T1–L2 离开脊髓。高于此处的损伤会去除血管张力和心脏的交感驱动,而迷走神经仍在工作,导致低血压和心动过缓(神经源性休克)。
答案: C · 它消耗能量,使物质逆浓度梯度移动
主动运输利用 ATP 和载体蛋白(泵)把物质从低浓度处运到高浓度处。扩散和渗透是被动的。
答案: A · Natural selection favoured beaks suited to each food source
On each island, birds with beaks better suited to the local seeds or insects fed better and left more offspring. Over many generations, beak shape changed in each population.
答案: D · 4.5 × 10⁻⁴
The decimal point moves 4 places to the right to give 4.5, so the exponent is −4. Numbers smaller than 1 have negative exponents.
答案: D · The lighter NH₃ molecules diffuse faster than HCl molecules
At the same temperature, lighter gas molecules move faster on average. NH₃ (17 g/mol) is lighter than HCl (36.5 g/mol), so it travels farther and the gases meet nearer the HCl end.
答案: B · better
The comparative of “good” is “better”, used with “than”. “Best” is the superlative for three or more.
答案: B · will postpone
For a likely future condition, use the present tense in the if-clause and “will” + base verb in the main clause. “Would” is used for unreal or unlikely conditions.
答案: B · Decide what is most important first
To prioritise (US: prioritize) is to arrange tasks in order of importance and deal with the most urgent first.
答案: A · prohibit
To prohibit is to forbid by law or rule. Promote and permit mean the opposite.
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