阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“After the long drought, the first rain fell. Farmers stood in their fields with their faces turned up to the sky.” How do the farmers most likely feel?
Read the two statements. Statement 1: “Walking 30 minutes a day lowers the risk of heart disease.” Statement 2: “Walking is the most enjoyable form of exercise.” Which is true?
解出 x:7x − 5 = 58。
一盒 345 只手套按 5 : 6 : 4 的比例分给三个病房。第二个病房分到多少只手套 x?
哪个结构连接中耳和鼻咽?
卒中后,患者说话流利,但用词毫无意义,且不能理解别人说话。病变最可能在哪里?
高脂饮食后,哪种激素使胆囊收缩?
测量肾小球滤过率的金标准是哪种物质的清除率?
饱和脂肪与不饱和脂肪有何不同?
A diploid cell contains 10 units of DNA in G1. How many units are in each cell at the end of meiosis II?
When a nucleus emits a beta particle, how do its mass number and atomic number change?
A patient's temperature is 104 °F. What is it in degrees Celsius?
Choose the correct word: “The nurse will ___ the family about home care.”
Which revision corrects the dangling modifier? “After finishing the exam, the room was quiet.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “With the stethoscope, the nurse could discern a faint heart murmur.”
Choose the word that best completes the sentence: “The nurse ___ the patient’s concerns and arranged a meeting with the doctor.”
答案: B · Relieved
After a long drought, the rain is what the farmers needed, so standing in it with faces turned up shows relief and joy.
答案: C · Statement 1 can be tested; Statement 2 is an opinion.
Statement 1 can be checked with research. “Most enjoyable” is a personal judgement, so Statement 2 is an opinion.
答案: x = 9
解方程:对等式两边做同样的操作,直到 x 单独在一边。按相反的顺序撤销运算:先撤销加法或减法,再撤销乘法或除法。用分配律 a(x + b) = ax + ab 去掉括号,并把含 x 的项合并到一边。把答案代回去检验。
答案: x = 138
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
答案: C · 咽鼓管(欧氏管)
咽鼓管使鼓膜两侧的气压保持平衡。儿童的咽鼓管较短且较水平,因此容易发生中耳炎。
答案: A · 优势半球颞上回后部
这是韦尼克失语(感受性失语),由颞上回后部的韦尼克区受损引起。额下回的布洛卡区受损则引起非流利性失语。
答案: C · 胆囊收缩素(CCK)
十二指肠中的脂肪和蛋白质促使 CCK 释放,CCK 使胆囊收缩并刺激胰酶分泌。
答案: B · 菊粉
菊粉能自由滤过,既不被重吸收也不被分泌,所以其清除率恰好等于 GFR。肌酐会少量分泌,因此会略微高估 GFR。
答案: A · 它们没有 C=C 双键,通常是固态
饱和脂肪酸只有单键,所以堆积紧密,呈固态(如黄油)。不饱和脂肪中的双键造成弯折,所以是油。
答案: C · 5 units
After S phase the cell has 20 units. Meiosis I divides it into two cells of 10 units, and meiosis II into four cells of 5 units each, half the G1 amount, which matches the haploid state.
答案: A · Mass number stays the same and atomic number rises by 1
In beta decay a neutron becomes a proton, so the atomic number rises by 1. The total of protons plus neutrons is unchanged, so the mass number stays the same.
答案: D · 40 °C
°C = (°F − 32) × 5/9 = (104 − 32) × 5/9 = 72 × 5/9 = 40 °C. Forgetting a step gives 72 °C (no multiplication) or about 58 °C (no subtraction).
答案: D · counsel
“Counsel” means to advise. A “council” is a group that makes decisions, and a “consul” is a government official abroad.
答案: A · After the students finished the exam, the room was quiet.
The room did not finish the exam. A names the people who did, so the modifier is no longer dangling.
答案: C · Detect or recognise
To discern is to notice or recognise something that is not obvious.
答案: B · acknowledged
To acknowledge is to accept or recognise that something exists or is important.
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