阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“The waiting room was silent except for the slow tick of the clock. Sam stared at the door, tapping his foot and checking his phone every few seconds.” How does Sam most likely feel?
The author writes: “Opponents claim the new hospital will cost too much. But they ignore that the nearest emergency room is 60 kilometres away, and every minute counts in a heart attack.” What is the author’s tone toward the opponents?
一个食谱做 4 批松饼要用 8 杯面粉。按同样的比例,做 11 批需要多少杯面粉 x?
一位家庭护理护士在 3 h 48 min 内开了 114 英里。平均速度 v 是多少英里/小时?
哪条神经支配膈肌?
为什么发炎的胆囊刺激膈肌时会引起右肩尖部疼痛?
在膝跳反射中叩击髌腱时,哪种感受器受到刺激?
发热开始时,尽管体温正在上升,患者却寒战并感到冷。为什么?
What do nitrogen-fixing bacteria do?
After wolves are removed from a park, the deer population rises sharply and young trees are overgrazed. What does this show?
氧原子有多少个价电子(最外层电子)?
Ethene has the structure H₂C=CH₂. How many electrons are shared between the two carbon atoms?
Choose the correct word: “The charge nurse ___ the meeting yesterday.”
Which sentence uses a semicolon incorrectly?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The pupils dilate in the dark.”
Which word is the opposite of scarce?
答案: A · Anxious
Tapping his foot, staring at the door and checking his phone repeatedly suggest nervousness or anxiety.
答案: B · Critical
Saying the opponents ignore an important fact shows that the author disagrees with and criticises them.
答案: x = 22 杯
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
答案: v = 30 mph
速率与比例尺:速度 = 距离 ÷ 时间,时间要用答案所需的单位(2 h 15 min = 2.25 h,因为 15 min = 15/60 h)。地图比例尺是一个比例:地图上的 1 cm 代表地面上的固定距离,所以把地图距离乘以它。
答案: D · 膈神经
膈神经(神经根 C3–C5)是膈肌的运动神经。因此 C3 以上的高位颈髓损伤会使自主呼吸停止。
答案: A · 膈神经与肩部皮肤共用 C3–C5 脊髓节段
膈肌受刺激的信号由膈神经(C3–C5)传导。大脑把它牵涉到由相同节段支配、经锁骨上神经分布于肩部的皮肤。
答案: C · 肌梭
叩击肌腱会牵拉股四头肌的肌梭。其传入纤维直接与运动神经元形成突触,通过单突触反射使肌肉收缩。
答案: C · 致热原把下丘脑体温调定点升高到当前体温以上
致热原促使下丘脑产生前列腺素 E₂,使调定点升高。在体温达到新的调定点之前,会出现寒战等产热反应。
答案: A · They convert nitrogen gas into compounds that plants can use
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, some living in the root nodules of legumes such as peas and beans, convert N₂ gas into ammonia. Plants then use the nitrogen to make amino acids and nucleic acids.
答案: B · Organisms in a food web depend on each other
Without predators, deer numbers grow and they eat more plants. A change at one level affects others, which shows the interdependence of organisms in a food web.
答案: A · 6
氧(2, 6)最外层有 6 个电子。它倾向于得到两个电子以达到稳定的八隅体,形成 O²⁻。
答案: C · 4
The two carbons are joined by a double bond, which is two shared pairs, so 4 electrons. Each carbon also forms two single bonds to hydrogen, giving 4 bonds per carbon.
答案: B · led
The past tense of “lead” (to guide) is “led”. “Lead” spelled this way is the present tense or the name of a metal.
答案: C · The kit includes; gauze, tape and gloves.
In A the semicolon splits the verb “includes” from its objects; no punctuation is needed there. B and C join two independent clauses, and D separates list items that contain commas.
答案: D · Become wider
To dilate is to widen or open up; pupils dilate to let in more light.
答案: B · Abundant
Scarce means in short supply, and abundant means plentiful.
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