阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
In 1928 Alexander Fleming returned from holiday and noticed that mould had grown on one of his bacteria dishes. Around the mould, the bacteria had died. This led to the discovery of penicillin. What led Fleming to discover penicillin?
“Emma had practised her speech for weeks. When she stood before the crowd, her hands trembled, but her voice came out clear and strong.” Which statement best describes Emma at that moment?
折线图显示了从第 0 小时到第 10 小时,每 2 小时一次候诊室里的人数。 从第 0 小时到第 2 小时,数值变化了多少 Δ?减少时用负数。
一个食谱做 4 批松饼要用 1 杯面粉。按同样的比例,做 10 批需要多少杯面粉 x?
臂丛由哪些脊神经根组成?
头部侧面翼点处受到打击,导致硬膜外血肿。通常撕裂的是哪条血管?
在骨骼肌中,收缩所需的大部分钙来自哪里?
测量肾小球滤过率的金标准是哪种物质的清除率?
淀粉、糖原和纤维素有什么共同点?
A diploid cell contains 10 units of DNA in G1. How many units are in each cell at the end of meiosis II?
什么是饱和溶液?
How many grams of NaCl are in 250 mL of 0.9% (w/v) normal saline?
Which sentence uses the possessive of a time expression correctly?
What is the function of the underlined clause? “What the doctor said surprised everyone.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient felt ambivalent about having surgery.”
Which word means “the formation of blood cells”?
答案: A · He noticed that bacteria near a mould had died.
Fleming’s observation that bacteria died near the mould led to the discovery of penicillin.
答案: D · Nervous inside but still able to speak well
Trembling hands show nerves, but her clear voice shows she still spoke well. Her weeks of practice rule out being unprepared.
答案: Δ = 10
读图表:先读标题、类别和刻度。在条形图或折线图上,从条形顶端或点向纵轴水平看过去;每条网格线是刻度的一格。饼图表示整体的各个部分:p% 的扇形代表总量的 p%,其角度为 360° 的 p%。
答案: x = 2.5 杯
比与比例:比 a : b 比较两个量。比例中两个比相等,a/b = c/d,用交叉相乘求解:a·d = b·c。把一个量按 m : n 分配,就把它分成 m + n 等份;一方得 m 份,另一方得 n 份。
答案: B · C5 至 T1
臂丛由 C5、C6、C7、C8 和 T1 的前支组成,发出上肢的主要神经。
答案: B · 脑膜中动脉
脑膜中动脉位于翼点下方,那里的颅骨很薄。它破裂后在颅骨与硬脑膜之间出血。桥静脉破裂则引起硬膜下血肿。
答案: C · 肌质网
T 管去极化打开肌质网上的雷诺丁受体,把储存的钙释放到细胞质中。
答案: C · 菊粉
菊粉能自由滤过,既不被重吸收也不被分泌,所以其清除率恰好等于 GFR。肌酐会少量分泌,因此会略微高估 GFR。
答案: B · 它们都是由葡萄糖单元构成的多糖
这三者都是葡萄糖聚合物:淀粉在植物中储存能量,糖原在动物中储存能量,纤维素构成植物细胞壁。
答案: D · 5 units
After S phase the cell has 20 units. Meiosis I divides it into two cells of 10 units, and meiosis II into four cells of 5 units each, half the G1 amount, which matches the haploid state.
答案: C · 在该温度下已溶解了能溶解的最大量溶质的溶液
在饱和溶液中,该温度下不能再溶解更多溶质。稀溶液则含有相对较少的溶质。
答案: A · 2.25 g
0.9 g per 100 mL × 250 mL = 0.9 × 2.5 = 2.25 g. A full 1 L bag would contain 9 g.
答案: D · She took a week’s vacation.
Time expressions can be possessive: a week’s vacation, a day’s work. For plurals the apostrophe follows the s: two weeks’ notice.
答案: B · A noun clause acting as the subject
The whole clause “What the doctor said” is the thing that surprised everyone, so it works as a noun and is the subject of “surprised”.
答案: B · Having mixed feelings
Ambivalent means having mixed or opposing feelings about something.
答案: C · Haematopoiesis
Haematopoiesis (US: hematopoiesis) is the production of blood cells, mainly in the red bone marrow; haemolysis is their destruction.
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