阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
“The FAST test helps people spot a stroke: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call emergency services.” What does the letter T stand for?
“Discharge note: Walk for 10 minutes three times a day in week 1. Increase to 20 minutes three times a day in week 2. Avoid lifting anything heavier than 5 kg (about 11 lb) for 6 weeks.” Which activity is allowed in week 2?
一份潘趣酒配方可做 3 加仑。那是多少杯 x?
一个储物盒是长 28 cm、宽 15 cm、高 14 cm 的长方体。它的体积 V 是多少立方厘米?
膀胱内衬哪种上皮?
惯用右手的人发生左侧大脑中动脉卒中,最可能出现:
在心动周期的哪个时相,四个心脏瓣膜全部关闭而心室压力上升?
肺栓塞阻断了一个通气良好的肺区的血流。该区域的通气/血流(V/Q)比值如何变化?
The human arm, bat wing and whale flipper contain the same set of bones. What does this suggest?
Fresh liver is dropped into hydrogen peroxide and bubbles form quickly. Boiled liver gives no bubbles. What is the best conclusion?
How does electronegativity change going down a group?
Why does atomic radius decrease from left to right across a period?
Which sentence uses a reflexive pronoun correctly?
Which revision removes the redundancy? “The patient returned back to the clinic at 3 p.m. in the afternoon.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient showed impaired hearing in one ear.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient was disoriented after waking from anaesthesia.”
答案: C · Time to call emergency services
In FAST, T stands for “Time to call emergency services”, because quick treatment of a stroke is vital.
答案: C · Walking 20 minutes three times a day
In week 2, walking 20 minutes three times a day is advised. Lifting more than 5 kg is not allowed for 6 weeks, and one 60-minute walk goes beyond the plan.
答案: x = 48 杯
单位换算:乘以一个等于 1 的因子,写成能约去旧单位的形式:3 ft × 12 in/1 ft = 36 in。公制长度:1 km = 1000 m,1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm,1 cm = 10 mm。美制:1 ft = 12 in,1 yd = 3 ft,1 mi = 5280 ft;1 gal = 4 qt,1 qt = 2 pt,1 pt = 2 cups;1 ton = 2000 lb。时间:1 h = 60 min,1 min = 60 s,1 day = 24 h,1 week = 7 days。单位越小,数值越大。
答案: V = 5880 cm³
周长、面积和体积:周长是围绕图形一周的长度(长方形:2l + 2w)。面积以平方单位计量:长方形 l × w,三角形 ½ × 底 × 高,圆 π·r²。圆的周长是 π·d = 2π·r。体积以立方单位计量:长方体 l × w × h,圆柱 π·r²·h。使用题目给出的 π 值。
答案: C · 变移上皮(尿路上皮)
膀胱扩张时,变移上皮的细胞可由圆形变为扁平,同时保持不透水。
答案: D · 右侧无力和失语
左侧大脑中动脉供应左侧运动皮层(右侧面部和手臂)以及布洛卡区和韦尼克区,因此典型表现是右侧偏瘫伴失语。
答案: D · 等容收缩期
房室瓣关闭后,心室在半月瓣关闭的情况下收缩。压力升高而容积不变,直到主动脉瓣和肺动脉瓣打开。
答案: D · 变得非常高,起无效腔的作用
有通气无血流使 V/Q 比值非常高(无效腔)。分流(如肺炎)则相反:有血流无通气。
答案: D · They share a common ancestor
Homologous structures have the same basic plan because they were inherited from a common ancestor, even if they now do different jobs. They are evidence of evolution.
答案: D · Liver contains an enzyme that is destroyed by boiling
Catalase in liver breaks hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen gas, which forms the bubbles. Boiling denatures catalase, so no reaction occurs.
答案: D · It decreases
Going down a group, the outer electrons are farther from the nucleus and more shielded, so the atom attracts bonding electrons less strongly. Electronegativity decreases.
答案: A · More protons pull the electrons of the same outer shell closer
Across a period, each element has one more proton but its outer electrons are in the same shell with similar shielding. The stronger nuclear charge pulls the electrons in, so the atom gets smaller.
答案: D · She reminded herself to drink water.
“Herself” refers back to the subject “she”. In the other sentences there is no matching subject, so “me” or “I” is needed instead of “myself”.
答案: C · The patient returned to the clinic at 3 p.m.
“Returned” already means came back, and “p.m.” already means afternoon, so “back” and “in the afternoon” are redundant.
答案: D · Weakened or damaged
Impaired means reduced in strength, quality or function.
答案: D · Confused about time, place or identity
Disoriented means confused about time, place, person or situation.
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