阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
In 1928 Alexander Fleming returned from holiday and noticed that mould had grown on one of his bacteria dishes. Around the mould, the bacteria had died. This led to the discovery of penicillin. What led Fleming to discover penicillin?
“The Smiths used 300 kWh of electricity in June. After installing solar panels in July, their bill showed 180 kWh used from the grid in July.” By what percentage did their use of grid electricity fall?
不用计算器计算 x = 0.84 ÷ 0.35。给出精确值。
计算 2 7/8 ÷ 2 1/2。点击最简形式的答案。
受精最常发生在哪里?
窦房结最常由哪条冠状动脉供血?
既然动作电位是"全或无"的,神经元如何传递更强的刺激?
运动时,流向活动骨骼肌的血流大大增加。主要原因是什么?
A tall pea plant could be TT or Tt. Which cross will best reveal its genotype?
为什么大多数细胞都很小?
What is the normal boiling point of a liquid?
Why is incomplete combustion of fuel in a poorly ventilated room dangerous?
Choose the correct spelling: “She has ___ of homework.”
Choose the correct verb: “The patient has ___ in bed all morning.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient was unable to void after surgery.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “On the mental health assessment, the patient’s affect was flat.”
答案: C · He noticed that bacteria near a mould had died.
Fleming’s observation that bacteria died near the mould led to the discovery of penicillin.
答案: A · 40%
The drop is 300 − 180 = 120 kWh, and 120 ÷ 300 = 0.4, which is 40%. 60% is the share still used from the grid.
答案: x = 2.4
小数:加减时,把小数点对齐。乘法时,按整数相乘,积的小数位数等于两个因数小数位数之和。除以小数时,把两个数的小数点同时向右移动相同的位数,直到除数变成整数。
把两个数都乘以 100,使除数变成整数。
答案: 1 3/20
分数的乘除:先把带分数化成假分数(2 1/3 = 7/3)。乘法:分子乘分子,分母乘分母。除法:保留第一个分数,把 ÷ 改成 ×,并把第二个分数颠倒(乘以它的倒数)。约去公因数,把结果化成最简带分数。
答案: C · 输卵管壶腹部
受精通常发生在输卵管壶腹部。胚胎随后移行到子宫着床。
答案: C · 右冠状动脉
约 60% 的人窦房结动脉起自右冠状动脉,其余起自回旋支。
答案: D · 更频繁地发放动作电位
刺激强度由动作电位的频率和被募集的神经元数量编码,而不是由其幅度编码。
答案: A · CO₂、H⁺、K⁺ 和腺苷等局部代谢产物扩张小动脉
活动性充血:工作的肌肉产生的代谢产物在局部使小动脉平滑肌松弛,在该组织中压倒交感性血管收缩。
答案: C · Cross it with a short (tt) plant
In a test cross the unknown is crossed with a homozygous recessive. If any short offspring appear, the tall parent must be Tt; if all offspring are tall, it is very likely TT.
答案: B · 小细胞的表面积与体积之比高
细胞长大时,体积比表面积增加得更快。小细胞保持较高的表面积与体积之比,所以扩散就能供应整个细胞。
答案: C · The temperature at which its vapour pressure equals 1 atmosphere
A liquid boils when its vapour pressure equals the surrounding pressure. The normal boiling point is measured at 1 atm (sea-level pressure), which is 100 °C for water.
答案: D · It produces carbon monoxide, which binds to haemoglobin and blocks oxygen transport
With limited oxygen, fuels form carbon monoxide (CO) instead of CO₂. CO binds to haemoglobin far more strongly than oxygen, so less oxygen reaches the tissues. It is colourless and odourless.
答案: B · a lot
“A lot” is always written as two words. “Allot” is a different verb meaning to give out shares, and “alot” is not a word.
答案: A · lain
“Lie” (recline) has the forms lie, lay, lain. After “has”, the past participle “lain” is needed. “Laid” belongs to “lay” (to put).
答案: A · Pass urine
To void means to urinate (empty the bladder).
答案: B · Outward expression of emotion
In mental health, affect is the observable expression of emotion; a flat affect shows very little emotional expression.
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