阅读理解(入学考试)
方法
- 先读问题,这样你就知道要找什么。
- 快速浏览短文,了解其主题和要点;第一句或最后一句往往会点明。
- 回到能回答该问题的那几行原文。
- 对于推断题,选择线索最有力支持的选项,而不是推得更远的选项。
- 对于标签和表格,应用所有适用于该情形的规则,并仔细完成小的计算。
公式表、每个专题的关键方法步骤和 16 道练习题,完整解答附在最后。
Wetlands such as marshes and swamps act like natural sponges. They soak up rainwater and release it slowly, which reduces flooding downstream. They also filter pollution from the water. Which sentence best summarises the passage?
“The nurse noted: ‘Patient states pain is 7 out of 10 at 9 a.m. Medicine given. At 10 a.m., patient states pain is 3 out of 10.’” Which conclusion is best supported by the note?
折线图显示了从第 0 小时到第 10 小时,每 2 小时一次候诊室里的人数。 相邻两次读数(相隔 2 小时)之间的最大增幅 Δ 是多少?
哪个最简分数或带分数等于小数 4.736?点击它。
哪对脑神经支配大部分面部表情肌?
为什么手舟骨腰部骨折后,其近极有发生缺血性坏死的风险?
肾上腺皮质在 ACTH 作用下释放哪种激素?
在 Otto Loewi 的经典实验中,来自受迷走神经刺激的蛙心的液体使另一颗心脏变慢。这说明了什么?
科学理论与假设有何不同?
A student puts a fertilised plant in a sunny window and an unfertilised plant in a dark cupboard. The fertilised plant grows more. What is the main flaw?
Sulfur has 16 electrons. In which period of the periodic table is it?
What is the correct name of Cu₂O?
Which spelling is correct for the word that means “to provide room for”?
Which revision removes the redundancy? “The patient returned back to the clinic at 3 p.m. in the afternoon.”
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The visitor spoke to the staff in a hostile tone.”
What does the term splenomegaly mean?
答案: D · Wetlands reduce flooding and clean water.
The passage describes two benefits of wetlands: they reduce flooding by holding water and they filter pollution.
答案: B · The patient reported less pain after the medicine.
Pain fell from 7 to 3, so the patient reported less pain after the medicine. Since pain was still 3, it was not removed completely.
答案: Δ = 5
读图表:先读标题、类别和刻度。在条形图或折线图上,从条形顶端或点向纵轴水平看过去;每条网格线是刻度的一格。饼图表示整体的各个部分:p% 的扇形代表总量的 p%,其角度为 360° 的 p%。
答案: 4 92/125
分数、小数和百分数是书写同一个数的三种方式。分数 → 小数:分子除以分母。小数 → 百分数:乘以 100(小数点右移两位)。百分数 → 小数:除以 100。小数 → 分数:把数字写在 10、100 或 1000 上(每一位小数一个零)再约分。
答案: A · 面神经(VII)
面神经(第 VII 对脑神经)支配面部表情肌。损伤会导致面瘫,例如贝尔麻痹。
答案: D · 它的血供主要从远端进入
桡动脉的分支主要从远端进入手舟骨并逆向流动。腰部骨折可能切断近极的血供,导致缺血性坏死。
答案: A · 皮质醇
垂体前叶的 ACTH 刺激束状带释放皮质醇。肾上腺素来自肾上腺髓质。
答案: C · 神经通过释放化学物质把信号传给靶器官
这种液体携带着"迷走素"(Vagusstoff),后来被确认为乙酰胆碱。这是化学性神经传递的第一个明确证据。
答案: D · 它是得到大量经过检验的证据支持的广泛解释
理论解释范围广泛的观察结果,并经受住了反复检验。如果出现有力的新证据,它仍可被修订。
答案: C · Two variables were changed, so the cause is unclear
Both fertiliser and light differ between the plants, so the extra growth could be due to either. A fair test changes only the independent variable and keeps everything else the same.
答案: B · Period 3
Sulfur's arrangement is 2, 8, 6. It has three occupied shells, so it is in period 3. The 6 outer electrons place it in group 16.
答案: B · Copper(I) oxide
Two copper ions balance one O²⁻ (2−), so each copper is Cu⁺. Transition metal charges are shown with Roman numerals: copper(I) oxide. CuO would be copper(II) oxide.
答案: B · accommodate
“Accommodate” has a double c and a double m.
答案: D · The patient returned to the clinic at 3 p.m.
“Returned” already means came back, and “p.m.” already means afternoon, so “back” and “in the afternoon” are redundant.
答案: A · Unfriendly and aggressive
Hostile means unfriendly, angry and showing opposition.
答案: D · Enlargement of the spleen
Splenomegaly is an enlarged spleen; -megaly means enlargement.
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