أسئلة تدريبية على نمط NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): حزمة المراجعة المكثفة

A patient shouts at the nurse that nobody has told them when their operation will be. What is the best first response?

1. AArgue back that the staff are very busy
2. BTell the patient to stop shouting or leave the ward
3. CWalk away until the patient calms down by themselves
4. DStay calm, listen and acknowledge their frustration

A man skips bowel cancer screening because he feels healthy and thinks cancer will not happen to him. Which Health Belief Model concept best explains this?

1. AHigh perceived benefits
2. BHigh self-efficacy
3. CStrong cues to action
4. DLow perceived susceptibility

Which technique is correct when collecting a wound culture?

1. ACollect the sample only after antibiotics have been started
2. BUse one swab to sample two different wounds
3. CClean the wound with sterile saline first, then swab clean tissue
4. DSwab the old pus on the dressing that was just removed from the wound

During a power cut in a US hospital, a ventilator must stay powered. Where should it be plugged in?

1. AInto any white outlet in the room
2. BInto the outlet that is closest to the bed, whatever its color
3. CInto an extension cord from the corridor
4. DInto a red outlet connected to the emergency generator

An arterial blood gas shows pH 7,28, PaCO₂ 40 mmHg (5,3 kPa) and HCO₃⁻ 16 mEq/L (mmol/L). How should the nurse interpret it?

1. AMetabolic acidosis
2. BRespiratory acidosis
3. CMetabolic alkalosis
4. DRespiratory alkalosis

Weeks after a kidney transplant, a patient has a fever, less urine and tenderness over the new kidney. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ARejection of the transplant
2. BA side effect of eating salty food
3. CDehydration from drinking too much
4. DNormal healing of the transplant

Why is an ankle–brachial pressure index (ABPI) measured before applying compression bandages to a leg ulcer?

1. ATo work out the patient's fluid needs
2. BTo exclude significant arterial disease, as compression could cut off blood flow
3. CTo measure how deep the ulcer is and how much exudate it produces
4. DTo check for a urinary tract infection that could delay ulcer healing

A nurse teaches a patient with heart failure about self-care. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I only need to weigh myself once a month."
2. B"I will report it if I need more pillows to sleep."
3. C"I will weigh myself each morning after passing urine."
4. D"I will take my water tablet in the morning."

A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?

1. AThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
2. BThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
3. CThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin
4. DThe patient must have a different disease instead

مريض بقصور القلب يتناول ليزينوبريل وسبيرونولاكتون ومكمل بوتاسيوم. اليوم البوتاسيوم 6,0 mEq/L. ما التفسير الأرجح؟

1. Aيسبب سبيرونولاكتون فقد البوتاسيوم
2. Bليس لمكملات البوتاسيوم تأثير في مستوى المصل
3. Cيخفض ليزينوبريل البوتاسيوم
4. Dتُؤخذ معًا عدة أدوية ترفع البوتاسيوم

A child is starting methylphenidate for ADHD. Which advice is appropriate?

1. AGive the last dose at bedtime to help the child sleep
2. BGive the drug only at weekends
3. CExpect weight gain as the main side effect
4. DGive doses early in the day and monitor appetite and growth

Which finding most favours serotonin syndrome over neuroleptic malignant syndrome?

1. ASlow onset over days with lead-pipe rigidity
2. BRecent start of an antipsychotic drug
3. CRapid onset with hyperreflexia and clonus
4. DA very high creatine kinase

A patient in cardiac rehabilitation asks how hard to exercise. Which simple guide is commonly taught?

1. AExercise until chest pain starts, then stop
2. BExercise only until the heart rate rises even slightly
3. CExercise until they are too breathless to speak at all
4. DExercise so they are a little breathless but can still talk

A hypotensive patient has a temperature of 39,2 °C, warm flushed skin, a bounding pulse and a fast heart rate. Which type of shock is most likely?

1. AObstructive shock from tamponade
2. BCardiogenic shock
3. CHypovolaemic shock from bleeding
4. DEarly septic (distributive) shock

A patient with type 1 diabetes has gastroenteritis and cannot eat. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. AAvoid drinking fluids to reduce the vomiting
2. BStop all insulin until normal eating restarts
3. CKeep taking basal insulin and check glucose and ketones more often
4. DCheck glucose once a day only and rest in bed until better

Four patients had a minor head injury with no loss of consciousness and a GCS of 15. Which one most needs a CT scan of the head?

1. AA 40-year-old with a mild headache that is improving
2. BA 78-year-old who takes warfarin for atrial fibrillation
3. CA 30-year-old who bumped their head on a cupboard door
4. DA 25-year-old with a small scalp graze after a fall

Which intervention most reduces pressure ulcer risk in an immobile patient?

1. ARegular repositioning and a pressure-redistributing mattress
2. BMassaging red areas firmly at each turn to bring back the circulation
3. CUsing a doughnut-shaped ring cushion
4. DKeeping the head of the bed raised at 90° all day

On day 3 after admission, a patient with alcohol dependence becomes confused, with hallucinations, sweating, tremor, fever and tachycardia. What is the most likely cause?

1. ADelirium tremens from alcohol withdrawal
2. BAn allergic reaction to hospital food
3. CNormal anxiety about being in hospital
4. DHepatitis A caught on the ward

Which statement about the lactational amenorrhoea method (LAM) is correct?

1. AIt needs full breastfeeding, no periods and a baby under 6 months
2. BIt becomes more reliable after the periods return
3. CIt is reliable even when the baby is formula-fed at night
4. DIt works for as long as the mother breastfeeds at all

A large for gestational age newborn of a mother with diabetes is also very red and has a high haematocrit. Which complication of this finding should the nurse watch for?

1. ADehydration caused by vomiting
2. BNeural tube defects
3. CHypothermia caused by sweating
4. DJaundice

A child receiving chemotherapy has painful mouth ulcers (mucositis). Which mouth care is best?

1. ASpicy and acidic foods to stimulate saliva flow
2. BA hard toothbrush and lemon–glycerine swabs to clean the ulcers
3. CMouthwash containing alcohol several times a day
4. DA soft toothbrush or sponge, bland rinses and soft, cool foods

A preterm baby on milk feeds develops a distended abdomen, larger gastric aspirates and blood in the stool. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive a glycerine suppository and wait
2. BIncrease the feeds to help the bowel work
3. CStop feeds and report at once
4. DRecord it and review at the next feed

Which criteria are needed for a diagnosis of intellectual disability?

1. AAn IQ score alone, measured at any time in adult life
2. BMemory loss and confusion that start for the first time after the age of 65
3. CProblems with reading only, with normal everyday functioning
4. DLimits in both intellectual and adaptive functioning, starting in childhood

A patient who was admitted after a serious suicide attempt says, "I'm angry they saved me. Next time I'll do it properly." What should the nurse do?

1. ATell him that he should be grateful to be alive and think about how his family would feel
2. BReduce observation because he is talking openly about his feelings
3. CChange the subject to something more positive, such as his family and his plans for after discharge
4. DMaintain close observation, report the statement and reassess the risk with the team

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). سُجّلت جرعة عند 10:40 AM. أي إدخال هو الوقت نفسه بنظام 24 ساعة؟ انقر عليه.

1. 109:40
2. 222:40
3. 311:40
4. 410:40

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). تنص الوصفة على ½ tsp من معلّق فموي مرتين في اليوم لمدة 5 أيام. باستخدام 1 tsp = 5 mL، كم mL V يلزم للعلاج كاملًا؟

يزن مريض 60 kg ووُصفت له 5 mg/kg جرعةً واحدة. أوجد الجرعة D بوحدة mg.

وُصف لطفل وزنه 18 kg مقدار 15 mg/kg لكل جرعة من معلّق فموي يحتوي 100 mg في 5 mL. ما الحجم V الذي تعطيه؟

سرّب 500 mL خلال 8 ساعات بطقم معامله 10 قطرة/mL. أوجد معدل التنقيط R بالقطرات في الدقيقة. قرّب إلى أقرب عدد صحيح.

يجري تنقيط بمعدل 42 قطرة/دقيقة عبر طقم 20 قطرة/mL. بقي في الكيس 450 mL. بعد كم ساعة t سيفرغ؟ قرّب إلى منزلة عشرية واحدة.

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). يبيّن السجل مدخول مريض ومخرَجه لمناوبة واحدة مدتها 12 ساعات. جرى التسريب الوريدي بالمعدل المبيَّن طوال المناوبة. أوجد المدخول الكلي I بالـ mL.

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). كيس 500 mL يجري بالمضخة بمعدل 50 mL/h. عند الساعة 06:30، كان قد سُرِّب 150 mL. كم ساعة t حتى يفرغ الكيس؟ قرّب إلى منزلة عشرية واحدة.

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). يُقيَّم مريض تدريبي بمقياس برادن: الإدراك الحسي: محدود جدًا; الرطوبة: نادرًا ما يكون رطبًا; النشاط: طريح الفراش; الحركة: محدود قليلًا; التغذية: غير كافية على الأرجح; الاحتكاك والقص: مشكلة محتملة. أوجد مجموع برادن B.

تمرين تدريبي (قيم مختلَقة، ليست إرشادات سريرية). استخدم جدول NEWS2 (المقياس 1 لـ SpO₂) لهذه الملاحظات: معدل التنفس 9/min، وSpO₂ 96% على أكسجين إضافي، وضغط الدم 136/82 mmHg، والنبض 82/min، ومتيقظ، ودرجة الحرارة 36,6 °C. إلى أي فئة خطر سريري ينتمي المريض؟ انقر عليها.

1. 1منخفض
2. 2منخفض–متوسط
3. 3متوسط
4. 4مرتفع