تحديد الأولويات والتفويض بأسلوب NCLEX: حزمة المراجعة المكثفة

A swimmer is found unresponsive after diving into shallow water. Which method should the nurse use to open the airway?

1. ARaising the chin while bending the neck forward
2. BTurning the head to the side to drain water
3. CHead-tilt, chin-lift with full neck extension
4. DJaw thrust, keeping the head and neck in line

في وحدة كلى، أي مريض ينبغي أن تراه الممرضة أولًا؟

1. Aمريض يطلب نصيحة بشأن حمية منخفضة الفوسفات
2. Bمريض ناسور شرياني وريدي لديه رعشة وأزيز قويان
3. Cمريض غسيل صفاقي السائل المصروف لديه رائق
4. Dمريض غسيل دم فاته جلسة الأمس ولديه الآن ضعف عضلي ونبض غير منتظم

A family member tells the nurse, “My father is not himself. Something is wrong.” The hospital has a family-activated rapid response system. What is correct?

1. AThe family should call emergency services from outside the hospital
2. BThe family can call the rapid response team if they are worried and staff have not responded
3. CThe family must wait for the next scheduled ward round to raise the concern with a doctor
4. DOnly doctors may call the rapid response team

A nurse teaches a patient with neutropenia about preventing infection at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I will avoid crowds and people who have colds.”
2. B“I will wash my hands often and ask visitors to do the same.”
3. C“I can clean the cat’s litter box if I wear a face mask.”
4. D“I will check my temperature and call if I have a fever.”

A woman with hyperemesis gravidarum has vomited for 3 days. Which urine finding would the nurse expect?

1. ARed cell casts
2. BBilirubin
3. CKetones
4. DNitrites

مريض على تسريب هيبارين انخفض تعداد صفائحه من 260 إلى 110 × 10³/µL في اليوم السابع. أي إجراء هو الأنسب؟

1. Aالإبلاغ فورًا: نقص الصفائح المحدث بالهيبارين محتمل
2. Bمواصلة التسريب وزيادة المعدل وفق البروتوكول
3. Cنقل صفائح ومواصلة الهيبارين
4. Dعدم اتخاذ أي إجراء، لأن التعداد لا يزال فوق 100 × 10³/µL بقليل

استمرت نوبة اختلاجية لدى مريض أكثر من خمس دقائق. ماذا يعني ذلك؟

1. Aضع شيئًا في الفم لمنع عض اللسان
2. Bيجب معاملتها على أنها حالة صرعية وإعطاء الأدوية الإسعافية
3. Cقيّد الأطراف لإيقاف الحركات
4. Dإنها طبيعية ولا تحتاج إلى علاج

A patient on metformin with reduced kidney function is due a CT scan with IV contrast. Why might metformin be withheld?

1. AMetformin causes severe bleeding during scans
2. BThere is a risk of lactic acidosis if kidney function worsens
3. CMetformin makes the images blurry
4. DMetformin reacts with the contrast to cause severe hyperglycaemia

أيّ اختبار مخبري يُستخدم لضبط تسريب الهيبارين غير المجزّأ؟

1. AINR (النسبة المعيارية الدولية)
2. Bمستوى D-dimer
3. Cمستوى الفبرينوجين في المصل
4. Dزمن الثرومبوبلاستين الجزئي المنشَّط (أو مستوى مضاد Xa)

A patient with pneumonia has a temperature of 39 °C, pain and a sinus tachycardia of 122/min. BP is normal. What is the best way to manage the heart rate?

1. AArrange urgent electrical cardioversion to restore a normal rate
2. BTreat the fever, pain and possible dehydration, then reassess
3. CGive IV adenosine
4. DGive a beta-blocker to bring the heart rate below 100/min

A patient has confirmed meningococcal meningitis. What is usually offered to their close household contacts?

1. AA full course of IV antibiotics in hospital
2. BNo action unless they develop symptoms
3. CPreventive antibiotics
4. DA lumbar puncture to check for infection

A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3,4 mmol/L (about 13,6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?

1. AOral calcium tablets
2. BIV fluids to rehydrate the patient
3. CA fluid restriction
4. DIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D

Why is a urinary catheter usually inserted in a patient with a major burn?

1. AThe catheter prevents wound infection
2. BBurns always cause the bladder to rupture
3. CIt is needed to give medicines into the bladder
4. DHourly urine output guides fluid resuscitation

A patient finds daily wound dressing changes very painful. What is the most effective nursing approach?

1. ADo the dressing quickly and give analgesia afterwards
2. BGive analgesia timed so it works during the dressing change
3. CAvoid analgesia so the patient can report any problems during the change
4. DChange the dressing less often than the plan says