1.تحديد الأولويات والتفويضمتوسطة
On the first day after abdominal surgery, a patient has a temperature of 37,9 °C and reduced breath sounds at the lung bases. Which nursing action is most helpful?
- ARestrict oral fluids so that the lungs do not fill up with extra fluid
- BKeep the patient lying flat in bed to rest the incision fully
- CGive a cough suppressant so that the incision is not strained
- DEncourage deep breathing, coughing and use of the incentive spirometer
2.تحديد الأولويات والتفويضصعبة
A patient was knocked out briefly in a fall, then woke and talked normally. Two hours later the patient becomes drowsy and one pupil is larger. What is the most likely cause?
- ALow blood sugar from missing a meal
- BAn epidural hematoma
- CNormal tiredness after a fall
- DA mild concussion that is settling
3.مكافحة العدوى وسلامة المرضىمتوسطة
An infant has had a cleft lip repair. Why are elbow restraints often used?
- ATo stop the infant’s hands reaching the mouth while still allowing arm movement
- BTo hold the IV line in place during feeds and stop it being pulled out
- CTo prevent the infant from sucking a pacifier
- DTo keep the infant from rolling over in the crib
4.مكافحة العدوى وسلامة المرضىصعبة
A patient who speaks little English is being discharged with new medications. The patient’s 12-year-old child offers to interpret. What should the nurse do?
- AGive written instructions in English only
- BUse simple English and many hand gestures
- CUse a professional medical interpreter
- DLet the child interpret, because the family prefers it
5.القيم المخبرية والشواردمتوسطة
On the first day after major surgery, a patient's white cell count is 12,5 × 10³/µL, with no fever or wound signs. What is the best interpretation?
- AA sign of leukemia that needs bone marrow testing
- BDefinite wound infection that needs antibiotics now
- CA common stress response to surgery that is monitored
- DA laboratory error, since surgery lowers white cells
6.القيم المخبرية والشواردصعبة
أثناء تسريب كبريتات المغنيزيوم الوريدي، أي تقييم يكشف السمية مبكرًا على أفضل وجه؟
- Aمنعكسات الركبة ومعدل التنفس وكمية البول
- Bأصوات الأمعاء ومحيط البطن
- Cلون الجلد وزمن عودة امتلاء الشعيرات كل ساعة
- Dسكر الدم وحجم الحدقة كل ساعة
7.التمريض السريريمتوسطة
أثناء تسريب وريدي تصبح المنطقة حول القنية متورمة وباردة وشاحبة، ويتباطأ التسريب. ما المرجح؟
- Aتسرّب السائل إلى الأنسجة المحيطة
- Bالتهاب الوريد الناتج عن عدوى بكتيرية في جدار الوريد
- Cفرط حمل الدوران بالسوائل
- Dانصمام هوائي
8.التمريض السريريصعبة
A patient on metformin with reduced kidney function is due a CT scan with IV contrast. Why might metformin be withheld?
- AMetformin causes severe bleeding during scans
- BMetformin reacts with the contrast to cause severe hyperglycaemia
- CThere is a risk of lactic acidosis if kidney function worsens
- DMetformin makes the images blurry
9.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسيمتوسطة
Why is active tuberculosis treated with several drugs for at least six months?
- ATo kill slow-growing bacteria and prevent drug resistance
- BBecause the bacteria are resistant to all drugs at first
- CBecause each drug works on a different organ only
- DTo reduce the number of side effects compared with one drug
10.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: القلب والأوعية والجهاز التنفسيصعبة
A patient had 40 minutes of chest pain at rest. The ECG shows ST depression without ST elevation, and the troponin is rising. What is the diagnosis?
- AAcute pericarditis
- BNon-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
- CST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
- DStable angina
11.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلىمتوسطة
أيّ إجراء تمريضي يساعد على منع ارتفاع الضغط داخل القحف؟
- Aمنع الإمساك وتباعد مراحل الرعاية
- Bإجراء كل الرعاية والشفط في جلسة طويلة واحدة
- Cتشجيع السعال القوي كل ساعة
- Dإضجاع المريض مسطحًا مع ثني الوركين بشدة
12.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الأعصاب والغدد الصماء والكلىصعبة
A patient with Parkinson's disease is nil by mouth after abdominal surgery. Their levodopa is due. What is the best action?
- AGive the tablets with a sip of water anyway
- BOmit the dose until the patient can swallow again
- CGive double the dose once eating restarts
- DContact the prescriber or pharmacist about another route
13.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الجهاز الهضمي وما حول الجراحة والأوراممتوسطة
Which is a recognised cause of anaphylaxis during surgery?
- ASterile normal saline
- BA warmed blanket
- CThe patient's own blood from cell salvage
- DChlorhexidine skin preparation
14.التمريض الباطني الجراحي: الجهاز الهضمي وما حول الجراحة والأورامصعبة
A nurse has a needlestick injury after taking blood from a patient with hepatitis B. What should the nurse do first?
- ASuck the wound to remove as much of the blood as possible
- BFinish the shift and report it the next day
- CWash the site with soap and running water, without scrubbing
- DScrub the area hard with a nail brush and alcohol