تحديد الأولويات والتفويض بأسلوب NCLEX: حزمة المراجعة المكثفة

Which medication order should the nurse question?

1. APotassium chloride oral solution diluted in juice
2. BPotassium chloride by IV push
3. CPotassium chloride diluted in an IV bag via a pump
4. DOral potassium chloride with food

An older adult with type 2 diabetes is confused and very dehydrated. The glucose is 900 mg/dL (50 mmol/L), and blood and urine show no significant ketones. What is the most likely problem?

1. AHypoglycemia with rebound
2. BDiabetic ketoacidosis
3. CHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
4. DStress-induced mild hyperglycemia

A patient is on suicide precautions. Which room safety measure is appropriate?

1. ALet the patient keep a personal razor for shaving, as long as staff are told
2. BAllow glass bottles if the patient seems calm
3. CRemove items that could be used for self-harm, such as belts and cords
4. DKeep the door closed at all times so the patient has privacy

خلال جولة الأدوية الفموية، طلب مريض تناول قرص لاحقًا. تركته الممرضة على الطاولة الجانبية للسرير. ما المشكلة الرئيسية في السلامة؟

1. Aقد يفقد القرص لونه ويصعب تحديده لاحقًا
2. Bلا مشكلة في السلامة إذا كان المريض متيقظًا
3. Cتذوب الأقراص بسرعة عند تركها في الهواء الطلق
4. Dلا تستطيع الممرضة التأكد من تناوله، وقد يتناوله شخص آخر

A patient with diabetes is found unconscious with a blood glucose of 38 mg/dL (2,1 mmol/L). Which treatment is appropriate?

1. AOrange juice poured slowly into the patient's mouth
2. BGlucagon by injection, or IV dextrose as prescribed
3. CA dose of rapid-acting insulin to stabilize the glucose
4. DGlucose tablets placed between the patient's teeth

A man of Mediterranean descent develops dark urine, jaundice and a falling hemoglobin a few days after eating fava beans. Which condition is most likely?

1. ASickle cell crisis with vaso-occlusion
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CG6PD deficiency with acute hemolysis
4. DIron-deficiency anemia from poor diet

An arterial blood gas shows a low pH, a high PaCO₂ and a normal bicarbonate. What does this show?

1. AMetabolic alkalosis
2. BRespiratory acidosis
3. CRespiratory alkalosis
4. DMetabolic acidosis

A patient with a central venous catheter needs the line removed. Which position reduces the risk of air embolism during removal of a neck or chest line?

1. ALying on the right side with the legs raised
2. BSitting fully upright and taking a deep breath in as the line comes out
3. CStanding up and walking
4. DLying flat or slightly head-down, holding the breath or breathing out

A patient takes both digoxin and furosemide. Why does the nurse watch the potassium level closely?

1. APotassium has no link with either medicine
2. BLow potassium makes digoxin stop working completely
3. CHigh potassium is the main effect of furosemide
4. DLow potassium increases the risk of digoxin toxicity

A patient is going home after a spontaneous pneumothorax treated with a chest drain. Which advice is correct?

1. ATake up scuba diving to strengthen the lungs
2. BExpect it never to happen again, so no follow-up is needed
3. CStop smoking and do not fly until a doctor confirms full resolution
4. DFly home as soon as possible so they can recover in comfort there

قبل حلّ الخثرة الوريدي في السكتة، أيّ حد لضغط الدم يُستخدم عادةً؟

1. Aأقل من نحو 90/60 mmHg
2. Bأعلى من نحو 200/120 mmHg
3. Cأقل من نحو 185/110 mmHg
4. Dلا يوجد حد لضغط الدم

A nurse teaches a woman with recurrent UTIs. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will hold my urine for as long as I can."
2. B"I will pass urine soon after sex."
3. C"I will wipe from front to back."
4. D"I will drink enough fluids during the day."

Which change suggests that a burn wound is becoming infected?

1. ALess exudate on each dressing change
2. BDry, healing skin with mild itching
3. CThe wound becoming pink and a little smaller at each dressing change
4. DA partial-thickness burn becoming deeper, with new discolouration

In week 5 of radiotherapy, the skin in the treatment field is broken, moist and painful. What should the nurse do?

1. AUse a heat pad to speed healing
2. BApply adhesive tape directly over the area to protect it from clothing
3. CReport it, keep it clean and use a non-adherent dressing
4. DScrub the area with soap to prevent infection