ورقة عمل مكافحة العدوى وسلامة المرضى مع الإجابات

Why are patients usually kept nil by mouth (NPO) for a period before general anesthesia?

1. ATo lower the risk of a wound infection
2. BTo make the patient lose weight before surgery
3. CTo prevent the patient from needing the toilet
4. DTo reduce the risk of aspirating stomach contents

In the chain of infection, which link does vaccination break?

1. AThe reservoir
2. BThe portal of exit
3. CThe infectious agent
4. DThe susceptible host

A blood test shows a positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). What does this mean?

1. AThe person has never been exposed to hepatitis B
2. BThe person has hepatitis A infection
3. CThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
4. DThe person is immune from vaccination

Which nursing care reduces the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia?

1. ALeaving secretions in the mouth to protect the airway
2. BLying the patient flat for most of the day
3. CChanging the ventilator circuit every few hours
4. DRegular oral care to reduce bacteria in the mouth

Why should a child’s weight be recorded only in kilograms?

1. AKilograms are easier for parents to remember
2. BMixing up pounds and kilograms can lead to large dosing errors
3. CScales that show kilograms are always more accurate than those that show pounds
4. DChildren weigh less, so smaller units are needed

A patient has a non-violent restraint. In most nursing policies, how often at minimum is it released for range of motion, toileting and skin care?

1. AOnly when the patient asks for it
2. BOnce every 12-hour shift
3. COnce a day, during the bath
4. DAt least every 2 hours

In START triage at a mass-casualty incident, a casualty cannot walk, breathes 20 times a minute, has a radial pulse and follows simple commands. Which category applies?

1. AYellow (delayed)
2. BGreen (minor)
3. CBlack (expectant or dead)
4. DRed (immediate)

A patient dies after a wrong-drug error, and the hospital carries out a root cause analysis. What is its main focus?

1. AEstimating the legal costs for the hospital
2. BDeciding whether to tell the family about the error
3. CIdentifying which staff member made the error and should be disciplined
4. DFinding the system and process weaknesses that allowed the error