ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

A patient has a hemoglobin of 19,5 g/dL (195 g/L) and a hematocrit of 58%. Which term describes this?

1. APolycythemia (erythrocytosis)
2. BIron-deficiency anemia
3. CPancytopenia (all cells low)
4. DThrombocytopenia (low platelets)

Which condition commonly causes a high serum potassium?

1. ALoop diuretic use
2. BKidney failure
3. CSevere diarrhea
4. DRepeated vomiting

Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency typically causes which type of anemia?

1. AMicrocytic anemia, with small red cells
2. BHemolytic anemia, with destroyed red cells
3. CAplastic anemia, with an empty bone marrow
4. DMacrocytic anemia, with large red cells

After surgery for colon cancer, a patient's CEA had fallen to normal, but it has been rising over the last two checks. What does this most likely suggest?

1. AA sign of iron deficiency from the earlier bleeding
2. BA normal change after surgery that needs no follow-up
3. CPossible recurrence that needs further assessment
4. DA sure sign that the cancer has been fully cured

مريض مصاب باضطراب نظم بطيني يظهر على الشاشة نمط ملتوٍ (torsades de pointes). أي شاردة تُعطى عادةً وريديًا للعلاج؟

1. Aكربونات الكالسيوم
2. Bفوسفات البوتاسيوم
3. Cكبريتات المغنيزيوم
4. Dبيكربونات الصوديوم

A patient has a calcium of 7,0 mg/dL (1,75 mmol/L) and tingling around the mouth. Which nursing measure is most appropriate?

1. ALimit dairy products until the level falls again
2. BPromote walking to move calcium back into the bone
3. CPut seizure precautions in place and report the result
4. DEncourage 3 L of fluid per day to dilute the calcium

A patient with long-term heavy alcohol use is admitted with alcohol withdrawal. Which group of electrolyte problems is most common?

1. AHigh sodium, high calcium and high glucose
2. BHigh magnesium, high phosphate and high potassium
3. CLow magnesium, low phosphate and low potassium
4. DLow chloride, high bicarbonate and high calcium

A patient with advanced chronic kidney disease has a mildly raised troponin that has stayed the same on several tests over months. There is no chest pain and the ECG is unchanged. What is the best interpretation?

1. AProof of an acute myocardial infarction that needs emergency treatment now
2. BA chronic stable rise; infarction needs a rising or falling pattern
3. CA laboratory error, because troponin is never raised in kidney disease
4. DA sign of skeletal muscle injury, because troponin comes from all muscles