ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

What does a raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) show?

1. AInflammation somewhere in the body, without showing where
2. BDamage to heart muscle within the past few hours
3. CA specific infection of the urinary tract by bacteria
4. DA low level of iron stored in the bone marrow

A urine dipstick is positive for leukocyte esterase. What does this show?

1. AProtein is leaking through the glomeruli
2. BWhite blood cells are present in the urine
3. CRed blood cells are present in the urine
4. DBilirubin is being passed in the urine

ما المدى المرجعي النموذجي للكالسيوم الكلي في المصل لدى البالغين؟

1. Aنحو 8,5–10,5 mg/dL (2,1–2,6 mmol/L)
2. Bنحو 1,3–2,1 mg/dL (0,3–0,5 mmol/L)
3. Cنحو 12–16 mg/dL (3,0–4,0 mmol/L)
4. Dنحو 3,5–5,0 mg/dL (0,87–1,25 mmol/L)

A breathless patient in the emergency department has a BNP below 100 pg/mL. What does this suggest?

1. ASevere heart failure is certainly the cause of the problem
2. BThe kidneys are failing and the patient needs dialysis
3. CHeart failure is an unlikely cause of the breathlessness
4. DThe patient has had a myocardial infarction in the past day

تعداد الكريات البيضاء لدى مريض 16 × 10³/µL مع نسبة عالية من العدلات غير الناضجة (الأشرطة bands). على ماذا يدل ذلك على الأرجح؟

1. Aفقر دم نقص الحديد
2. Bمرض فيروسي مزمن فقط
3. Cعدوى جرثومية حادة
4. Dنتيجة طبيعية

مريض صوديومه 124 mEq/L ويشكو من صداع وتشوش جديد. أي إجراء تمريضي هو الأنسب؟

1. Aإعطاء الجرعة التالية من المدر الثيازيدي الموصوف مبكرًا
2. Bتشجيع المريض على شرب كمية كبيرة من الماء العادي
3. Cإبقاء المريض مستلقيًا وحصر الفحوص العصبية في مرة واحدة كل وردية
4. Dتطبيق احتياطات النوبات التشنجية ومراقبة الحالة العصبية

A patient in DKA is receiving IV fluids and insulin. The glucose has fallen to about 220 mg/dL (12,2 mmol/L), but the anion gap is still high. What change would the nurse expect?

1. AStop the IV fluids and start oral fluids only
2. BAdd dextrose to the IV fluids and continue the insulin
3. CStop the insulin infusion because the glucose is near normal
4. DGive an IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate at once

A patient with chronic kidney disease stage 4 has a high phosphate, a low-normal calcium and a very high parathyroid hormone (PTH). What does this show?

1. APrimary hyperparathyroidism from a tumor
2. BHypoparathyroidism after neck surgery
3. CVitamin D toxicity from supplements
4. DSecondary hyperparathyroidism from CKD