ورقة عمل القيم المخبرية والشوارد مع الإجابات

What does a positive direct antiglobulin test (direct Coombs test) show?

1. AThe patient's plasma is missing the clotting factor VIII
2. BThe patient's red cells are too small and contain little hemoglobin
3. CAntibodies or complement are attached to the patient's red cells
4. DThe patient's platelets are clumping together in the blood sample

A raised neutrophil count (neutrophilia) is most typical of:

1. AA mild viral cold
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
3. CHay fever and asthma
4. DAcute bacterial infection

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person has never met the virus
2. BThe person currently has hepatitis B infection
3. CThe person is immune from vaccination only
4. DThe person had hepatitis A in the past

A patient is starting atorvastatin. Which laboratory test is usually checked at baseline?

1. ASerum lipase
2. BBlood cultures
3. CThyroid antibodies
4. DLiver enzymes

A patient on a heparin infusion has blood in the urine and an aPTT far above the target. The nurse stops the infusion and informs the provider. Which antidote should the nurse anticipate?

1. ANaloxone
2. BProtamine sulfate
3. CCalcium gluconate
4. DVitamin K (phytonadione)

A patient with hyperkalemia is prescribed an oral potassium binder such as patiromer or sodium zirconium cyclosilicate. How does this drug lower potassium?

1. AIt stops the kidneys from absorbing water in the tubules
2. BIt protects the heart muscle against high potassium levels
3. CIt binds potassium in the gut so it leaves in the stool
4. DIt moves potassium into cells in the next few minutes

A patient with kidney stones and fatigue has a calcium of 11,6 mg/dL (2,9 mmol/L), a high parathyroid hormone (PTH) and a low phosphate. Which condition is most likely?

1. APrimary hyperparathyroidism
2. BHypoparathyroidism
3. CCancer-related hypercalcemia
4. DVitamin D deficiency

A patient with acute kidney injury after severe dehydration has a rising creatinine. Which urine findings support a prerenal cause rather than acute tubular necrosis (ATN)?

1. AWhite cell casts with positive nitrites on the dipstick
2. BLow urine sodium and concentrated urine with a high specific gravity
3. CHigh urine sodium and dilute urine with muddy brown granular casts
4. DRed cell casts with heavy protein loss in the urine